Basil downy mildew moves fast, and by the time most gardeners notice something is wrong, the plant is usually well into trouble. The good news is that the earliest signs are easy to spot once you know exactly where to look.

One day the basil looks fine. A few days later the leaves are yellowing, the undersides have gone fuzzy and gray, and half the plant is headed for the compost. That’s basil downy mildew, and it has wrecked more summer harvests than almost any other trouble this herb runs into. It’s a fairly recent arrival that spread fast, and most basil growers now run into it sooner or later.

It ranks among the nastier basil diseases because it works so quietly at first, doing a fair impression of a nutrient problem before the damage surfaces. By the time the cause is obvious, the plant is often too far gone to save. That slow start is most of why downy mildew on basil earns its reputation, and why knowing what it is helps.

What Is Basil Downy Mildew​?

Despite the name, the culprit isn’t a fungus. It’s an oomycete, which is a water mold (Peronospora belbaharii) closer to the organism behind potato blight than to anything an ordinary fungicide was built for. Garden-store sprays don’t hit it the way they would a fungus, and that’s much of why it stays so hard to shift. It spreads on windborne spores, so a plant can catch it even in a spotless garden with no obvious source nearby. (Luckily, there are now some downy-mildew resistant varieties of basil like ‘Noga’ from Botanical Interests.)

Downy mildew spores don’t ask for much once they land. Warm days and muggy nights suit them, especially with water sitting on the leaves overnight. From there they germinate, work into the leaf, and infect the plant before the first yellow patch even shows. Sweet basil, the big soft-leaf type most people grow for pesto, takes the worst of it. The spicier small-leaf and citrus-scented basils shrug it off a bit better, though none are truly safe. Spores ride along on seed, too, so even a clean start from a fresh packet isn’t a guarantee you’ve dodged it.

Catching Basil Downy Mildew Early

The first signs don’t usually look like a disease. Leaves begin to yellow, usually in patches fenced in by the veins, so the discoloration looks blocky and angular rather than spreading evenly across the leaf. A lot of growers take this for a feeding issue and reach for fertilizer, which does nothing here except burn a few days the plant can’t spare.

Flip an affected leaf over and look hard at the underside. There’s a dusty gray-purple coating down there, the sort of thing you’d swipe at assuming it was soil splash, except it doesn’t rub away. That coating is the pathogen making its spores, and a plant at that point is already dusting the air around it with the next round of infection. Turn a few leaves over twice a week through warm, humid weather. It’s the one check that actually buys you any time.

Treating a Basil Downy Mildew Infection

Here’s the blunt version: once downy mildew has a real grip, the plant isn’t going to recover. No home spray reverses an active infection. What you can do is slow it and rescue a harvest. Strip off affected leaves and pull hard-hit plants. Bag that debris rather than composting it, since the spores carry over, and get whatever is left drier and airier; the disease stalls once leaves stop staying wet.

Commercial products work better as shields than cures. Biofungicides built around beneficial bacteria, the Bacillus subtilis sprays like this from Amazon sold for vegetable patches, can hold the disease off plants that aren’t infected yet, applied before trouble starts. Copper-based fungicides like this from Amazon do something too, but keep expectations low; the effect on a water mold is modest, and rain rinses it off.

None of it brings back a plant already furred over with spores. Get the first spray on before symptoms, or save your money.

Keeping Downy Mildew off Your Basil

Once it shows up in your area, it’s not a matter of if—it’s when, and airflow is what decides how bad it gets. Prevention mostly comes down to one idea: take away the damp, stagnant air the disease feeds on. Spacing is where a lot of people slip up, crowding basil when it wants room to breathe. Give each plant more room than feels necessary and the air keeps moving.

Watering basil matters, too. Aim for the base, do it in the morning, and the leaves dry off over the day. The harder case is indoors or under glass, where the air just hangs. That’s where a small oscillating fan from Amazon earns its keep, pushing a breeze across the foliage to keep surfaces dry.

The easiest defense against downy mildew is actually to choose a variety of basil that is mildew resistant! A lot of sweet basils exist now because breeders set out to beat this thing. A downy mildew-resistant basil variety, like ‘Noga’ from Botanical Interests, paired with good airflow is about as safe as basil gets.

The rest is small stuff that stacks up. Choose healthy transplants and look them over first, since it rides in on infected starts as readily as on the wind. And keep cutting. Basil that gets picked often stays open and airy, and an open plant makes a frustrating target for something that needs everything damp and still.

Basil is one of the most versatile herbs, and one that can give you big yields in sunny summer weather. The plant's leaves are the main component of the flavorful pesto sauce, and are used fresh in salads, sandwiches, and many other recipes.

Basil will keep growing all summer, which means it can be harvested regularly throughout the growing season. As soon as temperatures begin to cool, though, it will start dying back. Even a light frost will strike it dead. So what can you do to save all those delicious leaves? Drying basil is an easy and effective way to keep that fresh summer taste, even in winter.

How to Dry Fresh Basil

Basil has a more intense flavor when it's fresh, but anyone who's had it in their kitchen knows that it degrades quickly. This is because the leaves have high moisture content, and it means they need to dry quickly to prevent molding. Air has to circulate freely around both sides of the leaf for the fastest drying.

Drying fresh basil is an easy way to preserve the fresh lemony-anise to spicy-pepper flavor of the herb. The first step is harvesting.

Harvesting Basil for Drying

If you're harvesting basil specifically for drying, you should do it in the morning, just after the dew has evaporated from the leaves, but before it gets too hot. When picking basil, always look for a growth node, or the spot where the main stem branches out. Sometimes you can even see small leaves starting to grow in the juncture between the stems. Make sure to cut your basil 1/4 inch (0.5 cm) above one of these growth nodes. This will encourage those tiny leaves to start growing into big, main leaves, and will lead to more basil down the line.

Remember, basil is chock full of water, and the dried leaves will shrink to about half their size when fresh. Because of this, if you're planning on drying them, you should pick about twice as many leaves as you'd think

There are three quick and effective methods for drying basil.

1. Hanging Basil to Dry

Air drying may be the slowest method, but personally I think it's the most satisfying. To hang basil to dry, cut your stems to around 6 inches (15 cm) in length, and tie them together with string. Keep this up until all of your basil has been tied into these little bundles, then hang them up to dry in a dark room with low humidity and warm temperatures.

Punch some holes in a paper bag (for airflow), and secure it around a bundle. Repeat this until each bundle of basil has been surrounded. The bag will catch dry bits of the leaves as they fall off, so all your hard work doesn't end up on the floor.

2. Drying Basil in a Dehydrator

If you have lots of herbs but don't have a food dehydrator, now may be the time to get one - like this well-reviewed dehydrator from Amazon.

Wash your basil first, and remove the leaves from the stems. Pat the leaves dry, and lay them out in a single layer in your dehydrator. Allow them to dry in the machine until they're completely crisp. Depending on your dehydrator model and the temperature you set, this can take anywhere from a couple hours to an entire day.

3. Drying Basil in the Microwave

If you're really crunched for time, it's possible to dry basil in the microwave. You'll have to keep a very close eye on it, though, to keep the leaves from scorching.

Separate your basil leaves from the stem, then wash and pat them dry. Lay them in a single layer on a paper towel, and microwave them on low for about 3 minutes.

Although three minutes is your goal, some leaves may dry up well before then, and that can lead to a smoky mess. Check on their progress every minute (or less!), and remove any leaves that have already dried. This should prevent them from burning.

Storing Dry Basil Leaves

Dried herbs naturally lose flavor over time - it's a fact of life. This process will speed up a lot, however, if they're left in the light. It's best to store your dried basil in a cupboard or dark pantry where light can't penetrate.

The container for storage must be dry and airtight, like these spice jars from Amazon. If you dried any stems or flowers with your leaves, remove them now. Crumble the leaves up, so they look just like the store bought stuff, and they'll be ready to use in recipes.

Dried basil is more concentrated and tends to be more potent than fresh basil. If a recipe calls for fresh, use 1/4 to 1/3 the amount of dried basil to achieve the same result.

When I was just out of college, I moved to the big city. The move was a dream come true except I was a bit lonely for my more rural roots. To bring a little of the small town girl into the big city, I decided to try planting some herbs and vegetables at my new rental home.

This rental home was divided between upper and lower floors with the renters on the lower floor having access to the only green space - the front yard. I had access to what would have been the backyard except it had been turned into two parking spaces.

What's a girl to do? Luckily, the exterior stairway leading to my apartment was wide and with southwest exposure, perfect for container gardening.

Container Growing Basil

This was my first experience gardening without a family member, so as you can imagine there were successes and failures, but there was one stand out. I had planted a basil start, not really expecting much out of it. And, at first it was puny. The leaves seemed to burn and the plant was stunted. But then, low and behold, the zucchini that was planted one stair step above the basil went on a growth spurt (you know how they can get) pretty much encompassing the basil plant.

This could have been the coup de gras but, instead, the zucchini plant gave the basil start the filtered light it needed, effectively protecting it from the harsh, burning rays of the sun, yet allowing just enough peek through.

Within a very short period of time, the basil plant doubled in size and then doubled again. I was cutting basil back by the handfuls and giving it to all my friends, but the container growing basil plant was still darn near a small shrub. 

Since then, I have always grown basil because I love the delicate flavor but also because I'm hoping to replicate that one year when I had the blue ribbon, not grown on steroids, bumper crop of basil in containers. It still hasn't happened, but I'm not giving up hope. My basil crop is always respectable, but so far hasn't out-shined the first year I grew it as a newbie gardener, a fairly inept and forgetful one at that. Maybe one day I'll get a big basil plant again. Until then, I'll just keep trying.

Learning how to grow basil indoors will enable you to have a continual, fresh supply of this wonderfully fragrant herb year round.

Growing basil in the garden is a popular activity in the spring and summer months. But, the plants are not cold hardy so quickly die off in the fall.

You can get the best of both worlds by growing basil in containers outdoors, then bringing them inside during fall and winter. However, growing basil indoors is possible whether you have a garden or not.

How To Grow Basil Indoors

It's not difficult to learn how to grow basil indoors. It can be grown on the kitchen windowsill for use in cooking, for making aromatic oils, or simply to add interest to an indoor herb garden.

Our expert guide will take you through the key steps, from planting to care, and harvesting.

How To Care For Basil Indoors

Basil plant care indoors is all about providing it with the right conditions:

Light

When growing basil indoors, lighting is important. The herb requires at least six hours of sunlight each day, so should be placed in a sunny window, preferably facing south.

Otherwise, indoor basil plants may need to be grown under fluorescent lights. With this type of lighting, basil plants will need about 10 hours of light for healthy growth.

However, basil grown indoors can also be given both sun and artificial lighting by alternating so many hours in each.

Water

Watering basil effectively is key to its success – the plants require constantly moist, but never soggy soil.

How often to water basil indoors depends on how quickly the soil begins to dry out. Check frequently by pushing your finger down into the soil; when the top inch is dry, it’s time to water.

Temperature & Humidity

Basil will tolerate a range of indoor temperatures as long as it doesn’t get too cold. Temperatures between 50 and 80 degrees Fahrenheit (10 and 27 Celsius) are ideal.

Basil doesn’t need a lot of humidity as long as you keep the soil consistently moist. If the air is very dry in your house, give the plant an occasional spritz of water.

Soil

Grow basil in well-drained, nutrient-rich soil. A high-quality potting soil or soilless mix are good options. The soil and the container should drain well. Basil likes moist soil but will rot if it gets too soggy.

Healthy pH levels are an important aspect of quality soil. When learning how to grow basil indoors, it’s worth occasionally checking the pH levels of soil. Sufficient pH levels are usually between 6.0 and 7.5.

Fertilizing

Fertilizing basil plants is a careful balance. The herb requires nutrients, but should never be over-fertilized, as it can result in spindly growth and less flavorful leaves.

Apply a diluted solution of 5-10-5 fertilizer a couple of times during the growing season. Use it at half the recommended strength.

Basil used solely for flavoring foods requires the use of an organic fertilizer, which also helps to maintain pH levels when growing basil indoors.

How to Plant Basil Indoors

There are several options for planting basil indoors. You can dig up basil growing in an outdoor bed and put it in a container for indoors. Choose a container that drains well and use a quality potting mix.

Alternatively, planting basil seeds directly in a container is an inexpensive way of having a constant fresh supply. Simply plant new seeds every few weeks.

Repotting grocery store basil is also a great way to quickly fill your windowsill herb garden with five or six plants at a low cost.

In addition, propagating basil is very easy by rooting stem cuttings in water or soil.

While growing basil indoors is an easy endeavor, the vigorous growth of plants means they may require frequent repotting.

Pruning Indoor Basil Plants

Pinch off leaves and short stem segments regularly to encourage full growth. This will give you a bushier plant that produces more leaves. Pinch stems just above a leaf node.

You should also pinch off basil flowers as they develop. This will ensure all of the plant’s energy goes towards foliage production, and maintains higher levels of essential oils in the leaves.

Harvesting Basil Indoors

Harvesting basil is possible as soon as the plant has at least six sets of leaves. Simply cut leaves as needed using clean, sharp scissors. You can either use the leaves fresh, or dry basil, which increases its intensity.

You should harvest from the top down, and if cutting back entire stems, cut back to a third of the plant’s height, just above a leaf pair.

To trim a basil plant without killing it, don’t remove more than half a plant at one time.

Best Basil Varieties To Grow Indoors

There are many varieties of basil that can be grown successfully indoors:

• Sweet basil is the most common and standard variety of basil that has an excellent flavor. Try ‘Napoletano’ or ‘Romanesco’ varieties.
• Try ‘Pesto Perpetuo’ for a flavorful basil that bolts less readily than other varieties.
• Purple basils are pretty as well as tasty. Varieties include ‘Dark Opal’, ‘Red Rubin’, and ‘Purple Ruffles’.
• Many varieties of basil have unique flavors, including cinnamon basil, lemon basil, and lime basil.
• Regional varieties like Thai basil or Greek basil also offer variations on the classic sweet basil taste.

Problems, Pests & Diseases

Common basil diseases include mold and downy mildew, but this is often less of an issue indoors where the air is drier.

Avoid crowding plants in containers to ensure good air flow between stems and leaves. Also avoid overwatering and ensure good drainage.

Pests are also more of an outdoor issue. Basil can be attacked by aphids, spider mites, whiteflies, and Japanese beetles. If bringing a plant in from outside, check it carefully for pests and remove any you find.

Droopy basil is a sure sign something is wrong, so keep an eye on your plants and check them for issues regularly.

Frequently Asked Questions

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The sweet aroma of basil can fill my kitchen anytime, but this herb's strong fragrance also makes it a popular pest-repelling plant for companion gardening. Basil prefers a sunny location with good drainage and is best paired with plants that have similar cultural requirements. Not sure what to plant with basil? Let's find out.

Basil as a Companion Plant 

Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) is an easily propagated warm-weather herb which can survive winters in USDA zones 9 to 11. In other climates, this herb is often grown as a outdoor annual in the summer or in pots that can easily be moved indoors when the temperature drops.

Due to its strong scent, basil has biochemical pest suppression abilities that can benefit a range of companion plants. It's believed insects rely on their sense of smell to locate their favorite host plants. Strong-smelling plants, like basil, can mask the smell of other plants and confuse pests. 

When selecting a companion plant for basil, consider species which need protection from the following pests. Each is known to be repelled by the strong scent of basil:

• Asparagus beetles
• Flies
• Mosquitoes
• Potato bugs
• Thrips
• Tomato hornworms

Pairing Plants With Basil

Ideally, companion planting basil with other crops produces mutual benefits for each member of the group. Basil benefits when paired with plants that reduce populations of aphids, Japanese beetles, slugs and snails. Companion plants should either repel these basil pests or attract predatory insects which feed upon them.

The latter is the case when pairing basil with asparagus. When planted adjacent to one another, the smell of basil deters aspargus beetles. Likewise, asparagus attracts ladybugs. It's estimated that each of these predatory insects can eat 50 or more aphids per day.

Another mutually beneficial example of companion gardening occurs when planting basil with tomatoes. Studies have indicated basil deters tomato hornworms. These devastating pests can quickly strip the leaves from tomato vines and can be extremely difficult to remove due to their camoflauge. 

Basil benefits from this arrangement as well. Tomato plants provide shade from the hot afternoon sun and help retain soil moisture levels. This helps prevent basil from wilting or drooping and reduces the amount of stress these plants undergo in hot, dry weather.

Basil Companion Plants

Aside from asparagus and tomatoes, many other species of vegetables, herbs and flowers benefit from the insect-repelling capabilities of basil. Here are a few of the popular plants which gardeners partner with basil in companion beds:

• Beets
• Borage
• Carrots
• Chamomile
• Chives
• Eggplants
• Marigolds
• Oregano
• Parsnips
• Peppers
• Radishes
• Turnips

Tree basil is a wild plant native to tropical Africa and India. What is tree basil? It is in the same genus as the culinary basil of which most gardeners are familiar. However, its standout feature is its size. Tree basil grows taller than an average person, and has a variety of uses. Keep reading for some tips on growing and overwintering tree basil. 

Basil lovers are in for a treat when growing tree basil. Its statuesque form and delicious scent really add a touch of the exotic to the garden. The tree basil plant is a monstrous example of this favorite herb, but is not a Mediterranean species. Instead, it grows naturally in warm regions and is only hardy to United States Department of Agriculture zone 10. The rest of us can enjoy it as an annual or overwinter the plant. 

What is Tree Basil?

The tree basil plant has many names depending upon where it is grown. Among them are African basil, shrubby basil, Vana Tulsi, clove basil, and holy basil. Once the plant is mature it has woody stems and a haphazard branching habit. The leaves are large, softly hairy and clove scented when bruised. Small, purple flowers appear in summer and are also spice scented. In the wild it grows along lakes, in forest edges, and disturbed soils. 

Growing tree basil from seed is easy. Start seed indoors 6 weeks before your last expected frost and transplant it to a sunny location in well-draining soil. 

Tree Basil Uses

The plant has aromatic and medicinal properties. With the rich scent and a citrus to anise flavor, the leaves are excellent in salads, sauces and other culinary applications. The leaves are often made into a flavorful tea. The flowers are also useful as a flavoring. The plant's oils are exported as a substitute for clove or thyme oil. The oil is an excellent natural insect repellent. One of the more interesting tree basil uses is in its native range, where the leaves are used for ceremonial purposes. In Ayurvedic medicine it is used to treat anxiety, heart disease, dementia, diabetes, and more. 

Tips on Overwintering Tree Basil

Since the plant is frost tender, temperate and northern gardeners cannot keep them over the winter outdoors. However, you can transplant them into large containers and bring them indoors to a sunny window. Water sparingly during winter but begin to resume normal water as temperatures warm up. Harden off the plant before installing in the garden. 

For plants left outdoors in warmer climates, mulch around the root base to protect the plant from any cool snaps. Expect some leaf loss, but the plant will usually recover.

Basil is a staple in both indoor and outdoor herb gardens. From its diverse utility in the kitchen to its use as filler and foliage in the cut flower garden, it’s easy to understand basil’s popularity. Though several varieties of basil can be purchased at garden centers or can be grown from seed, they are also commonly found in supermarkets. Learning to repot grocery store basil, as well as propagate it, are just a few ways in which consumers are able to get the most for their money. 

How to Grow Grocery Store Basil

Potted grocery store basil plants are appealing for many reasons. With their lush foliage, one can’t help but begin to daydream about their use in his/her favorite recipes. However, though plants within these pots might look healthy and vibrant, all may not be what it seems. Upon closer inspection, gardeners will quickly notice that the pot actually contains several densely packed plants. Under these cramped conditions, it’s highly unlikely that the basil will continue to thrive once it has arrived home. 

By removing the grocery store basil plant from the pot and gently easing the roots apart, growers are able to reap the rewards of several new basil plants, as well as improve the overall health of each plant. To repot grocery store basil, select small containers and fill them with a high-quality potting mix. Place the basil’s roots into the pot and gently backfill it with soil. Water the container well and move it outdoors into a sheltered location or windowsill if conditions are not ideal. Continue watering the new planting until growth resumes and the plant becomes well-established. Like many herbs, the more frequently basil is pinched or cut, the more leaves that will be produced. 

Once grown to a large enough size, store-bought basil can also be used to take cuttings. Propagating supermarket basil through cuttings is a relatively simple process. New cuttings can be placed into containers filled with soil, or simply allowed to root in a vessel filled with clean water. Regardless of the technique, newly rooted basil plants will grow quickly and further supply growers with the freshest garden basil. 

Also known as clove basil and African basil, the African blue basil plant (Ocimum gratissimum) is a perennial shrub grown for a hedge or for medicinal and culinary uses. Traditionally, and commercially today, African basil is grown for its oils, which are used in flavorings and insect repellant.

About African Basil Plants

Native to Africa and South Asia, African blue basil plants have long been grown for the medicinal and culinary uses of the leaves. It is related to the common basil that flavors so many dishes but grows as a shrub rather than a leafy herb.

The shrub grows up to 6 feet (2 m.) tall and looks a little weedy. You can trim and shape it to look tidier though. The right growing environment for African basil is subtropical and tropical with some humidity. It will not survive a cold winter and too much moisture affects the amount and quality of oil the leaves produce. 

African Basil Uses

For a workhorse of a plant, this is a good choice. It has both edible and medicinal uses. As an edible herb, the leaves are used to flavor dishes or cooked like a green. Different varieties vary in aroma and flavor: thyme, lemon thyme, and clove. The leaves can also be used to make tea and the oils extracted to make clove or thyme oil.

In its native Africa, the plant is also well-known for several medicinal uses, including as an insect repellant. It is cultivated for oil production and exported and used to make bug sprays. Some of the other potential medicinal uses include treating:

• Fever
• Parasites
• Bacterial infections
• Colds
• Headaches
• Gastrointestinal problems

How to Grow African Basil

If you have the right climate, or are willing to overwinter your plant inside, African basil is nice to grow for its fragrance and edible leaves. African blue basil care requires the best conditions; full sun, loamy soil that is rich in nutrients and well-drained, and moderate humidity and soil moisture.

This plant can become invasive and spread rapidly in disturbed areas. Take care if growing outside in a region where the conditions are right for it to thrive.

If you're looking for a double-duty basil, Magical Michael is an excellent choice. This All America Winner has an attractive appearance, which makes it a showy plant to incorporate into decorative flower pots and front-of-the-house displays.

What is Magical Michael Basil?

Originally developed for ornamental use, Magical Michael basil plants have a compact bush-like shape and reach a consistent size at maturity. The aromatic green leaves are edible, although not as flavorful as other types of basil. The leaves can be used in flower arrangements for their beauty and fragrance.

Here's additional Magical Michael basil info:

• Life Span: Annual
• Height: 15 to 16 inches (38 to 40.5 cm.)
• Spacing: 14 to 18 inches (35.5 to 45.5 cm.)
• Light Requirements: Full sun
• Water Requirements: Average to moist soil
• Frost Resistant: No
• Flower Color: Purple bracts, white flowers
• Uses: Culinary, ornamental, attractive to pollinators

Growing Magical Michael Basil

Start Magical Michael basil plants indoors 6 to 8 weeks before the final frost date. Transplant outdoors only after danger of frost has passed. Seed can also be sowed directly into the garden once the soil temperatures have reached 70 degrees F. (21 C.) and overnight temperatures remain above 50 degrees F. (10 C.).

Sow seeds in fertile soil, covering them with a very fine layer of dirt. When seeds are kept moist and warm, expect germination within 5 to 10 days. Basil is extremely intolerant of cool weather. Black or dark-spotted leaves can occur when Magical Michael basil plants are exposed to extended temperatures below 50 degrees F. (10 C.) or when sprayed with cold water. 

Unlike most other varieties of basil, Magical Michael remains compact. Plants can be spaced 14 to 18 inches (35.5 to 45.5 cm.) apart. When growing Magical Michael basil in containers with other ornamental plants, spacing requirements can be reduced.

Harvesting Magical Michael Basil Plants

Individual basil leaves can be lightly harvested approximately 30 days after transplanting. For a full harvest, cut the basil plant 4 to 6 inches (10 to 15 cm.) above the ground shortly before flowering. (Approximately 80 to 85 days from germination.) Pick leaves carefully as they bruise easily.

Store fresh basil leaves above 50 degrees F. (10 C.) to prevent blackening of the leaves. For long-term storage, basil leaves can be dried in a food dehydrator, on a screen, or by hanging harvested plants upside down in a dry location.

For decorative uses or when harvesting basil seeds, allow plants to reach full maturity and bloom. Let the seed heads dry on the plants before collecting seeds. Fully dried seed can be stored in an airtight container in a cool, dry location.

Fresh leaves can be used as a seasoning in salads and sauces, for pesto, or as an attractive garnish. Magical Michael can also be grown indoors in containers or hydroponic systems for a year-round supply of fresh basil.

This attractive, useful plant is indeed magical!

Certainly, you know of basil plant uses in the kitchen. From pesto sauce to the classic pairing of fresh mozzarella, tomato, and basil (caprese), this herb has long been favored by cooks, but have you tried any other uses for basil? Keep reading to discover a few strange uses for basil.

Strange Uses for Basil

In Italy, basil has always been a token of love. Other cultures have had more interesting basil uses, or rather downright strange uses, for basil. Whatever the ancient Greeks and Romans were using it for, they thought it would only grow if you screamed and cursed at the plant. 

If that isn’t strange enough, they also thought that a leaf from the plant left under a pot would turn into a scorpion, although who wanted to attempt this miraculous act is beyond me. The idea persisted into the Middle Ages, however, where it was taken a step further. It was thought that just inhaling the aroma of basil would breed a scorpion in your brain!

Interesting Basil Uses

Craft cocktails are all the rage presently and what better way to put an excess of basil to use. Try adding some bruised leaves to basic cocktails such as gin and tonic, vodka and soda, or even the trendy mojito.

Thinking outside of the box, try the herb in a cucumber and basil vodka cocktail, a strawberry and basil margarita; or rhubarb, strawberry, and basil Bellini.

Basil plant uses don’t have to just be alcoholic. Try making a thirst-quenching, non-alcoholic, sweet basil lemonade, or a cucumber, mint, and basil soda. Smoothie devotees will thrill to a banana and basil shake.

Medicinal Basil Plant Uses

Basil has been used for centuries for its medicinal attributes. New studies have found that phenolics found in the herb act as antioxidants. In fact, purple basil has about half the amount found in green tea.

Basil is also said to reduce DNA oxidative damage to slow the growth of leukemia cells. It can aid in relieving an upset stomach, works as a muscle relaxant, and has analgesic properties, which is something to consider before you reach for the aspirin.

For a headache, pour hot water over a bowl of bruised leaves. Hang your head over the bowl and cover the bowl and your head with a towel. Inhale the aromatic steam.

Another easy way to reap the benefits of this herbal plant is by making a tea. Simply chop some fresh basil and add it to a teapot full of water – three tablespoons (44 mL.) to two cups (half a liter). Allow to steep for five minutes and then strain the leaves from the tea. If you like, sweeten the tea with honey or stevia.

Basil also acts as an antiseptic and can aid in clearing acne. Infuse basil in oil such as jojoba or olive oil and allow to sit for three to six weeks. Use the oil to soothe insect bites or rub into sore muscles.

Other Basil Plant Uses

A century of use validates basil plants as a medicinal herb and, of course, it’s already made its mark in the culinary world, but there are still some other, more unusual, ways to use basil in the kitchen.

Use basil in place of lettuce on sandwiches or even as a wrap. Add basil (a little dab is all you need) and the juice of a lemon to an ice cream base for homemade ice cream. Make basil herb butter which can be frozen for later use. If you want a DIY gift project, try making soap from the herb.

If you don’t have the time to make pesto but need a quick way to preserve an overabundance of basil leaves, add them to a food processor. Pulse with a tiny bit of water until smooth. Pour the pureed basil into ice cube trays and freeze. When the cubes are frozen, pop them out of the tray and place them in a sealed plastic bag and back in the freezer for use later in sauces or soups.

Some types of basil can become a bit gangly and less than attractive although the aroma and flavor of the foliage can’t be beat. If you love basil’s fragrance and taste try growing Minette dwarf basil plants. What is Minette basil? Keep reading to find out all about the basil variety ‘Minette.’

What is Minette Dwarf Basil?

The basil cultivar ‘Minette’ (Ocimum basillicum ‘Minette’) is an adorable dwarf basil that grows into a compact little shrub perfect for knot gardens, edging, and container growing. Plants grow into 10 inch (25 cm.) globes rife with succulent, aromatic, small basil leaves.

Tiny this basil may be, but it still packs all of the anise-like sweet flavor along with the fragrant clove scent of the larger basil cultivars. This basil works well as a companion plant, as its pungent aroma also wards off aphids, mites, and tomato hornworms.

Minette basil grows into a perfectly uniform sphere with tiny, medium green leaves. In the summer, the plant blooms with small white spikes of flowers that attract butterflies and other beneficial insects. Of course, if you are growing the plant for culinary use, simply pinch the flowers off.

Growing Minette Basil

Minette basil is mature at 65 days from sowing. Seeds can be sown directly outside or started indoors. To start seed indoors, sow about six to eight weeks prior to the last frost for your area. If direct sowing, wait until the soil has warmed in the spring and then just lightly cover the seeds with soil.

When the seedlings have two sets of true leaves, thin the plants to 8 to 10 inches (20-25 cm.) apart. Seeds germinate in five to ten days. Whether sowing directly into the garden or transplanting, Minette, like all basil, loves hot weather and plenty of sun, so select a site accordingly. Soil should be fertile, moist but well-drained.

Mulch around the plants to conserve moisture and water them well and deep when the weather is hot and dry.

Harvest or prune frequently to encourage foliage production. Leaves can be used fresh, dried, or frozen by either pureeing with a little water and then freezing in ice cube trays, or by freezing the entire stem with the leaves attached.

Lemon and basil make a perfect pairing in cooking, but what if you could have the essence of lemon with the sweet anise flavor of basil all in one plant? Lemon basil plants combine both these amazing scents and flavors for a unique herb experience. This variety is just one in a host of specially imbued basils and is easy to grow, provided you have plenty of sun and heat. Keep reading to get tips on how to grow lemon basil and add its characteristic scent and flavor to your culinary repertoire.

What is Lemon Basil?

Fans of basil rejoice. Growing lemon basil provides devotees with a tangy, nose happy flavor and scent that is excellent in many international and regional cuisines. It is also a pretty plant that adds dimension and texture to the kitchen garden. As an added bonus, lemon basil care is simple, straightforward, and easy.

Picture silver tinged leaves on an erect, bushy plant with heavenly aroma and the lemon basil plant is the paintbrush to that picture. The fragrant variety is native to India and features prominently in that country’s dishes but translates well to many other recipes. The herb is even great in baked goods and as an accent to cookies, cakes, and other sweet treats.

Rip up a few leaves and toss them fresh into your favorite salad as an accent. Pesto made from this plant is not as traditionally “basil” flavored, but the resulting sauce has an interesting lemony punch.

How to Grow Lemon Basil

In northern climates, sow seeds indoors at least six weeks before the last expected frost for best results when growing lemon basil. Transplant outdoors when soil has warmed and plants have at least two sets of true leaves.

Use plastic or organic mulch around the plants to prevent weeds, warm soil, and conserve moisture. Lemon basil plants must have full sun in a raised bed, planter, or other site with warm soil. Southern gardeners can plant seeds directly out into a prepared bed.

Expect germination in 8 to 14 days. The plants tend to be leggy and spindly, but pinching them back when young can help them bush out.

Lemon Basil Care

Basil needs average water and is naturally resistant to many pests. However, slugs and snails find the plants snack worthy and should be repelled.

Overly wet soil can cause fungal issues. Make sure the site is well-draining and incorporate some compost, sand, or other gritty material to enhance porosity. Water under the leaves to prevent mildew.

Harvest the leaves at any time, just leave at least half on the plant so it can continue to grow and produce more leaves. Pinch off flowers for best flavor, but if you leave them on, the aroma can help repel many insect pests.

If you adore basil but can never seem to grow enough of it, then try growing Lettuce Leaf basil. What is Lettuce Leaf basil? The basil variety, ‘Lettuce Leaf’ originated in Japan and is notable, as the name suggests, for its enormous leaf size, giving the basil devotee more than ample amounts of the sweet herb. While this basil with big leaves doesn’t taste exactly like the Genovese varieties, it still has a sweet, basil flavor.

What is Lettuce Leaf Basil?

As mentioned, Lettuce Leaf basil is a variety with extraordinary big leaves, up to 5 inches (12.5 cm.) long. The leaves are a brilliant green and crinkled and look much like lettuce leaves – hence the common name. Leaves are set closely on plants that reach about 18-24 inches (45.5-61 cm.) in height. It has a milder basil flavor and aroma but the extra-large leaves more than makeup for this.

Additional Lettuce Leaf Basil Info

The basil variety ‘Lettuce Leaf’ is a prolific producer of foliage. To keep the foliage coming, pinch off the blooms and use them in salads or as a garnish. Lettuce Leaf is also slower to bolt than other types of basil, which gives the grower a longer harvest season.

Like other aromatic herbs, Lettuce Leaf basil repels insects in the garden, naturally eliminating the use of most pesticides. Plant it near those susceptible to insect marauders and throughout the annual or cutting garden.

The enormous basil leaves of Lettuce Leaf basil are perfect for using in place of lettuce for fresh wraps, stuffing, layering in lasagna, and for making an abundance of pesto.

Growing Lettuce Leaf Basil

Like all basil, Lettuce Leaf loves hot temperatures and needs consistently moist, rich soil. Basil should be planted in an area of full sun with at least 6-8 hours per day.

Start seeds indoors 6-8 weeks prior to transplanting or sow directly into the soil when daytime temperatures are in the 70s (21 C. and up) and nighttime temps above 50 F. (10 C.). Transplant indoor seedlings 8-12 inches (20.5-30.5 cm.) apart or thin seedlings started directly in the garden to 8-12 inches (20.5-30.5 cm.) apart.

Keep the soil consistently moist but not sodden. Harvest the leaves as needed and pinch off blossoms to stimulate additional foliage growth.

What is Fino Verde basil? A small-leaved plant, more compact than most other basil, Fino Verde basil has a sweet, pungent, slightly spicy flavor. In the kitchen, it’s used in salads, sauces and Italian dishes. Many cooks think Fino Verde is the best basil for making pesto. Fino Verde basil plants are attractive in flower beds or herb gardens, and with a mature height of 6 to 12 inches (15-30 cm.), they are ideal for containers. Growing Fino Verde basil is easy; let’s learn how.

Tips on Growing Fino Verde Basil

Fino Verde basil plants are perennial in USDA plant hardiness zones 9 through 11. In cooler climates, the plant is grown as an annual. Place the plant where it receives at least six hours of sunlight per day. You can also grow Fino Verde basil plants on a sunny windowsill.

Like most Mediterranean herbs, Fino Verde basil plants require well-drained soil. Outdoors, dig in a little compost before planting. Use good quality potting soil if you’re growing this herb in a container.

Allow 10 to 14 inches (25-35 cm.) between plants. Fino Verde basil prefers generous air circulation and doesn’t do well in a crowded bed.

Water Fino Verde basil whenever the soil feels dry to the touch, then let the soil dry before the next watering. Basil is likely to rot in muddy soil. Keep the foliage as dry as possible to prevent disease. Avoid sprinklers and, instead, water basil at the base of the plant.

Feed Fino Verde basil plants about once a month during spring and summer, but avoid overfeeding, which will weaken the flavor. Use a water-soluble fertilizer diluted to half strength.

Snip leaves and stems for your Fino Verde basil plant as often as you like. The flavor is best when the plant is harvested before blooming. Trim Fino Verde basil if the plant begins to look leggy. Regular trimming (or snipping) keeps the plant bushy and compact.

What is lime basil? A close cousin to the more common lemon basil, lime basil herb has a zesty flavor and a sweet, citrusy aroma. Lime basil is used in a variety of dishes, including chicken, fish, sauces, fruit salad and Thai dishes. It also makes delicious, refreshing iced tea. Growing lime basil isn’t difficult, and the herbs can be planted in the garden or grown in containers. You can even grow lime basil plants indoors on a bright, sunny windowsill. Read on to learn more about this citrus basil variety.

How to Grow Lime Basil

Lime basil plants are commonly grown as annuals. However, the plant is perennial in USDA plant hardiness zones 9 through 11. Place the plant where it receives at least six hours of sunlight per day.

Lime basil herb requires well-drained soil. If drainage is poor, dig in a little compost before planting. If you’re growing lime basil herb in a container, use a good quality commercial potting mix.

You can start lime basil seeds indoors in late winter, about six to eight weeks ahead of the last frost in your climate. However, most gardeners prefer to buy starter plants at a nursery or garden center.

Allow 12 to 16 inches (25-35 cm.) between plants. Lime basil prefers good air circulation and doesn’t do well in a crowded bed.

Check potted basil plants daily during hot weather as conditions dry out quickly. Keep the foliage as dry as possible to prevent disease. Avoid sprinklers and, instead, use a hose to water basil plants at the base.

Feed lime basil plants every four to six weeks during spring and summer using a water-soluble fertilizer diluted to half strength. Avoid over feeding, which will weaken the citrusy flavor.

Snip leaves and stems and use them in the kitchen as often as you like. The tangy flavor is most pronounced when the plant is harvested before blooming. Cut lime basil back if the plant begins to look spindly. Regular trimming will keep the plant bushy and compact.

Basil is the king of herbs because of its unique and delicious aroma and flavor. It’s easy to grow too, but there are a lot of different varieties to choose from, including Pistou. It’s known for a mild flavor and use in pesto-like recipes. Get some more Pistou basil information to decide if it’s the right variety for your herb garden and kitchen.

What is Pistou Basil?

There are many different varieties of basil with different colors, leaf and plant sizes, and even flavors like hints of lime or cinnamon. Pistou has a typical basil flavor, sweet and licorice-like, but is milder than the garden-variety sweet basil.

Pistou is also known for its compact size and small leaves, making it a good choice for container gardening. You can also use it as a short border plant along walkways, around the edge of a bed, or in any smaller garden space. 

As a culinary herb, Pistou basil is named for a cold French sauce of the same name. Pistou is similar to pesto but without the pine nuts; it is a blend of basil, garlic, parmesan and olive oil and is used on pastas and breads. You can also use Pistou basil in any way you would sweet basil: in tomato sauces, in salads, on pizza or in lasagna, and in fruit salad.

How to Grow Pistou Basil

Growing Pistou basil is easy, but it does need warmer temperatures, so either grow it outdoors in summer or indoors in containers. Start with seeds in soil to a depth of about a quarter inch (0.5 cm). Make sure the soil drains well.

Once you get seedlings going, Pistou basil care includes regular watering, making sure it gets adequate sun, and pinching off flowers before they can develop. Removing the flowers will allow you to keep using the leaves.

Start harvesting leaves as needed once the plants are 6 to 8 inches (15 to 20 cm.) tall. Regular harvesting of leaves will give you enough to use in the kitchen but also keeps the plant healthy and growth vigorous.

Anyone who loves pesto – or, for that matter, anyone who loves Italian cooking – would do well to consider growing basil in the herb garden. It’s one of the most popular flavorings in this country and remarkably easy to grow. You’ll have to choose among a host of different basil varieties, but remember to take a look at Nufar basil plants. If you haven’t heard of this variety, read on for Nufar basil plant information, including tips on how to grow Nufar basil.

What is Nufar Basil?

Even if you know and love basil, you may not be familiar with Nufar basil plants. What is Nufar basil? It’s a relatively new Genovese-type basil with a sweet, potent flavor.

All basil is terrific, but Nufar basil plants are really something special. According to Nufar basil plant information, this variety produces the most flavor-packed leaves of any basil. The Nufar leaves are big and a vibrant dark green, ideal for any dish requiring basil flavoring.

These plants grow to 36 inches (91.5 cm.) high and just keep producing textured leaves all summer long. The leaves of the high-yielding plants add punch to pesto, tomato dishes, salads, and anything else you put them in.

But perhaps the quality you’ll appreciate even more when you are growing Nufar basil is its strong disease resistance. It’s a super-healthy plant and the world’s first F1 Hybrid that is fusarium resistant.

How to Grow Nufar Basil

Like other basil plants, Nufar basil needs both a sunny location and plenty of irrigation to thrive. The other requirement for those growing Nufar basil is well-draining soil.

You’ll want to sow the seeds indoors for a faster start, or else in the soil in spring when all chance of frost is past. Select a location that gets at least 6 hours of direct sun per day. If transplanting, space the seedlings some 16 inches (40.5 cm.) apart. If seeding, thin the Nufar basil plants to this spacing.

Generally, you need to keep the soil moist for your Nufar basil plants. How can you tell if your basil plant requires water? Watch for wilting. According to Nufar basil info, wilting is the plant’s signal that it requires more water.

Native to South and Southeast Asia, holy basil is an herb with important cultural and religious significance. In other parts of the world, this herb is most familiar as a common flavor in Thai food, but it is a sacred plant for Hindus. You can enjoy this fragrant, tasty, and medicinal herb right in your own garden.

What is Holy Basil?

Holy basil (Ocimum tenuiflorum), is closely related to the sweet basil used in kitchens around the world. It is a short-lived, woody, herbal perennial that grows best in tropical and subtropical climates. It grows well in containers for gardens too, and homes in colder regions.

In India, holy basil is traditionally grown in containers in and around temples for the purpose of cleansing visitors. Holy basil plants are also important in Ayurvedic medicine and have been used for thousands of years.

Holy Basil Uses

In addition to its religious uses and significance, holy basil is used in cooking and medicine. It is more often used as a culinary herb in Southeast Asian countries, especially Thailand. You can use it in any way that you would use sweet basil: in sauces, salads, stir fries, chicken dishes, pastas, and more. Holy basil’s flavor is spicier than that of sweet basil.

Holy basil herbs have long been used medicinally as well. There is some evidence that it is effective in treating and relieving certain symptoms. Holy basil is used for nausea and other stomach ailments, to reduce inflammation, to promote relaxation and alleviate stress, and to relieve headaches, toothaches, ear aches, joint pain, cold and flu symptoms, and fevers.

How to Grow Holy Basil

You can grow holy basil much as you would other herbs, but it does need warm temperatures. Grow it outdoors in the summer, year-round if you are in a tropical or subtropical climate, or keep it in containers that you can move inside in winter.

Use a light, well-draining soil that is enriched with organic material, although holy basil will tolerate poor soil fairly well. Your plant will also tolerate some shade, so full sun is not necessary.

Keep it watered but not soggy and harvest leaves as needed, just as you would with an ordinary sweet basil plant.

There’s nothing like the flavor of sweet basil, and while the bright green leaves have a charm of their own, the plant is certainly not an ornamental specimen. But all that has changed with the introduction of ‘Blue Spice’ basil plants. What is blue spice basil? Basil ‘Blue Spice’ is an ornamental basil plant that is sure to wow devotees of this herb. Read on for more Blue Spice basil info.

About Basil ‘Blue Spice’

Blue Spice basil plants have small, brilliantly green leaves. When the plants bloom, they produce dense spikes of dark purple bracts with light purple flowers reminiscent of salvia. As the plant matures, the stems darken to maroon and new leaves emerge blushed with purple.

The flavor has the quintessential licorice flavor of sweet basil but with notes of vanilla, spice, and lemon. Its unique flavor profile lends itself well to tomato, eggplant, and zucchini dishes as well as meat, fish, and cheese dishes.

Blue Spice basil blooms earlier than most other sweet basils, from June to the first fall frosts. The growth habit is compact and uniform, and plants attain a size of about 18 inches (45.5 cm.) tall by 12 inches (30.5 cm.) wide.

This annual prefers full sun exposure, but will tolerate dappled shade. The more sun the plant gets, the deeper the purple hues. Like other types of basil, ‘Blue Spice’ mixes well in the garden and looks particularly stunning when combined with the classic herb garden combo of orange marigolds.

Growing Blue Spice Basil

Blue Spice basil, like other basil varieties, is a tender herb. It can be grown in USDA zones 3-10. It can be grown as an annual outdoors or as a perennial inside on a sunny windowsill.

Basil likes fertile soil that has been well tilled. Amend the soil with well-rotted organic compost or manure a month prior to sowing. Keep the area weed free and moist.

Sow seeds inside for transplanting outdoors in late February. If you wish to direct sow, wait until late March when there is no chance of frost and soil temperatures have warmed. Sow seeds thinly and cover lightly with soil.

Germination should occur in a week to two weeks. Once the seedlings develop their first two sets of true leaves, thin the plants out, leaving only the strongest seedlings.

Once established, basil requires very little care. Keep the plants lightly watered, the area weed free, and pinch off any blooms.

Basil is a popular spice plant for herb gardens, used for flavoring in a variety of cuisines. If you are a serious cook, you’ll need to use different types of basil depending on the type of food you are making. For Thai food, you’ll want to consider basil ‘Siam Queen.’ This type of basil has a strong anise flavor and the fragrance of clove. Read on for more Siam Queen basil information, including tips on growing Siam Queen basil plants.

What is Siam Queen Basil?

The Siam Queen basil is such a lovely plant that it doubles as an ornamental. In fact, some gardeners start growing Siam Queen basil in flower beds for the large emerald leaves and brilliant purple flowers.

According to Siam Queen basil information, this plant grows leaves that are 4 inches (10 cm.) long and 2 inches (5 cm.) wide. It also produces intensely colored deep purple flowers. If you are growing Siam Queen basil to use in cooking, you should pinch off the buds before they flower.

Many types of basil are sweet, including those used in Italian cuisine. However, do not expect the same sweet, rounded taste from Siam Queen. The leaves of this basil taste like licorice. They offer a spicy bite of strong anise flavor mixed in with the familiar basil taste. Even the smell of the pungent leaves is spicy and really perfumes the air of your summer garden.

Growing Siam Queen Basil

Siam Queen basil plants, like all basil plants, require lots of sunshine to grow and thrive. They also need well-draining soil with a high organic content. It should be consistently moist.

It is easy to start growing Siam Queen basil from seed. You can sow the seeds indoors in late winter, about 8 weeks before the final scheduled frost. Transplant them after they have two sets of true leaves.

Alternatively, you can sow the basil Siam Queen seeds in the garden bed in spring once the soil is warm. Just scatter the seeds, then cover them with about ¼ inch (.6 cm.) of soil. Thin the plants to 12 inches (30 cm.) apart.

Basil is one of those herbs that adds a unique, almost licorice scent and outstanding flavor to many international cuisines. It is an easy-to-grow plant but requires warm weather and is frost tender. In most areas it is considered an annual but can be perennial in tropical regions. Superbo basil is a prolific leaf producer and has intense flavor.

What is Superbo basil? Keep reading to find out more about this variety of basil and how you can grow this fragrant herb.

What is Superbo Basil?

There’s basil and then there’s Superbo pesto basil. It is a classic sweet basil and has a starring role in one of the most popular foods from Italy – pesto. Superbo pesto basil was developed specifically for that zesty sauce. According to Superbo basil information, it makes a great substitute for Genovese and has a more intense flavor.

Superbo is a compact, bush-like herb. The basic essential oils in basil, which give it the unique flavor, are cineol, eugenol, linalol, and estragol. These provide the spicy, minty, sweet, fresh taste of the herb. Superbo basil information tells us that it was developed by choosing the basil species with the highest amounts of the first three oils, leaving out the mint flavor.

Pesto is only one of Superbo basil uses, but it was with this sauce in mind that the variety was developed. The medium plant has deeply green leaves that slightly cup under. It was bred from ‘Genovese classic.’

Tips on Growing Superbo Basil

Basil is started from seed. Plant outdoors when soil temperatures are at least 50 degrees F (10 C). In order to keep crops going as you harvest, successively plant every three weeks. Make sure the soil is fertile and well draining, and grow the plant in full sun.

In cooler regions, plant indoors in flats 6 weeks before the last expected frost. Harden off seedlings after they have developed two sets of true leaves and plant them in a prepared bed.

Keep basil moderately moist. Harvest leaves as needed. In hot temperatures, the plant may begin to bolt. Pinch off flowers as they appear.

Superbo Basil Uses

There’s more to food than pesto, although that is a good start. Use Superbo fresh in salads, as a garnish on pizza, tossed in pasta and in dressing and marinade.

If you have a bumper crop, make pesto and freeze in ice cube trays or muffin tins. Dry basil leaves in a food dehydrator and store in a glass jar in a cool, dark place for winter use.

When the plant is getting older, use the leaves to make a fragrant and flavorful oil or vinegar. If you take almost all the leaves on a plant, cut the stem near the soil, leaving at least three nice big leaves. It should sprout anew and produce more leaves.

Lovers of the popular Vietnamese street food ‘Pho’ will be familiar with the assorted condiments accompanying the dish, including Queenette Thai basil. Crushed into the comforting soup, the basil ‘Queenette’ releases its heady flavors and aromas reminiscent of cloves, mint, and sweet basil. Its complex flavor and versatility makes growing Queenette basil a must-have in the herb garden.

What is Queenette Thai Basil?

The basil ‘Queenette’ is a true Thai basil that hails from Thailand. It is a strikingly ornamental herb with small, densely clustered, green leaves surrounding the brilliant purple stems. Newly emerged leaves are also purple but green up as they mature. Its spires of purple flowers make it a beautiful edition not only to the herb garden but interspersed amongst other annuals and perennials.

Thai basil is a common ingredient in Thai and other Asian cuisines in everything from chutney to stir fry to soup. Queenette Thai basil grows to about 1-2 feet (30.5-61 cm.) in height.

Queenette Basil Care

A tender annual, Queenette basil can be grown in USDA zones 4-10. Sow seeds either indoors or directly into the garden 1-2 weeks after the average last frost date for your region. Sow in well-drained soil with plenty of organic matter and a pH of between 6.0-7.5 in full sun, and make sure the plant gets at least 6 hours per day of direct sunlight.

Keep the seeds moist and when they have their first two sets of true leaves, thin the seedlings to 12 inches (30.5 cm.) apart.

Once the plant has established, growing Queenette basil requires very little care. Keep the soil moist and pinch off any seed heads to extend the plant’s life and encourage bushing. Because Queenette is a tender herb, protect it from frosts and low temperatures.

Few herbs have such unparalleled flavor and aroma as basil. Amethyst Genovese basil is a sweet basil cultivar that is favored in Europe. It is the only purple Genovese basil cultivar. Purple basil plants don't really have a tremendously different flavor than green, but the color is wonderful in salads and fresh applications. Keep reading for our tips on growing basil plants.

What is Amethyst Basil?

There is something about the pairing of a fresh, vine ripe tomato and basil. Use Amethyst basil and you have a powerful color combination as well. What is Amethyst basil? Amethyst basil info lists it as having the same flavor as a regular sweet basil but the color precludes it from being used cooked or in pesto. Use it fresh to retain the beautiful color.

The best Genovese basil is said to grow in Italy, but you can grow this Amethyst variety in USDA zones 9-11 year round, or as an annual elsewhere. Purple basil plants are popular for the unique color. The Genovese variety has thick turned down leaves which are fairly large and easy to use.

The purple is so deep it almost appears to be black, but there may be the ghost of green at the margins. The stems are deeply purple as well. Genovese basil is slower to bolt in high heat as compared to other sweet basils.

Growing Amethyst Basil

Amethyst basil needs well-draining soil in full sun. In warm climates, you can plant seeds right into a prepared bed, but most of us will need to start them indoors 6 to 8 weeks before the date of the last frost.

This basil grows 16-20 inches (41-51 cm.) tall and should be spaced 15-18 inches (38-46 cm.) apart. Amethyst Genovese basil is hardy to 20 degrees F (-7 C) If you live in a northern climate, plant the basil in containers and bring them indoors at the end of summer. Place the container in a warm location in a sunny window and continue to harvest leaves for a bit longer.

How to Use Purple Genovese

Unfortunately, if you puree purple leaves, they turn rather gray. The same thing happens when you heat the leaves, making an unappetizing dish. When fresh, use the leaves in salads or over appetizers like brushetta.

You can use basil as seasoning with almost any meat, and it makes a perfect pairing with heat-loving vegetables like eggplant, tomato and pepper. Use it fresh as a garnish on your pizza or pasta. You can harvest just a few leaves at a time without hurting the plant.

Basil leaves dry and store very well in a cool, dark location. Basil is also a great companion plant for warm-season vegetables, and has pest repelling properties you can use in your home.

Basil is known as the “King of Herbs” in part due to its popularity but also as a result of its name (basilicum), derived from the Greek word ‘basileus,’ meaning “king.” Since it pairs so well with a variety of cuisines, it is a must have in the herb garden, but how do you know when to pick basil? When exactly is basil harvest time? If you’re interested in learning how to harvest basil, read on for more information about picking and harvesting basil herbs.

When to Pick Basil

Harvesting of basil can begin as soon as the plant has at least six sets of leaves. Thereafter, harvest basil as often as needed. Pick basil in the morning when the essential oils are at their peak freshness.

How to Harvest Basil

To harvest a small amount of basil, just remove a few leaves for use. Cut back whole stem for use in larger harvests. Cutting back entire stems will result in a bushier plant that produces more leaves too.

Harvest from the top down. If cutting back entire stems, cut back to a third of the plant’s height, cutting above a leaf pair. If cutting the plant back by a third, wait a few weeks to harvest again. If you have too much to use fresh, you can dry basil leaves to store for later.

If for some reason you have not been regularly picking your basil, be sure to pinch back the plant at least every six weeks to encourage bushy growth. Also, pinch back any blooms to facilitate foliage growth.

Basil of any variety is a favorite herb of gardeners and chefs. One of the most important reasons we love this herb is its delectable fragrance. The French variety, Marseille, is among the most fragrant of them all. So, if you love the smell of basil, gather a little bit of Marseille basil information and get growing.

What is Marseille Basil?

Marseille is just one of many varieties of basil, and as the name suggests, it comes from France. It is sometimes called the ‘queen of fragrance’ because what it is most known for is its strong aroma. It smells sweet and slightly of licorice, much like other types of basil, but the fragrance is much more potent.

Marseille basil is also notable for its small, compact size. It grows densely with large leaves but only to a height of about 10 inches (25 cm.) and a width around 8 inches (20 cm.). The plant branches neatly without a lot of need for trimming or shaping and fills out the space well.

As a culinary herb, Marseille basil can be used as any other variety. It pairs well with tomatoes, pasta, mild cheeses, and vegetables. You can eat it fresh in a salad, use it in baked dishes, or dry the leaves to store and use later. The flavor is a little sweeter than other varieties, but it is still an acceptable variety for any recipe that calls for basil. In France, Marseille basil is traditionally used in pistou, a sauce similar to pesto.

Growing Marseille Basil

When it comes to container-grown basil, Marseille is an obvious choice. The plant grows compact and dense. You’ll get an abundance of full-sized leaves even from a small plant in an indoor or outdoor container. Due to its compact nature and dense growth, this is also a good plant for edging and borders in the garden. Of course, it is also great in gardens or containers simply to add a delicious aroma to any space.

Wherever you grow it, Marseille basil care is pretty simple. You can start seeds indoors and they should germinate in five to ten days. With two sets of true leaves, they should be ready for transplanting to a bed or container.

Make sure they have plenty of direct sunlight and warmth. If in a container, be sure it drains, and of course, outdoor beds should have good drainage too. Water your plants regularly to keep the soil moist but not waterlogged. Basil does best in rich soil, so add compost or fertilize if needed.

Marseille basil will grow densely without much attention, but to encourage shape and prevent flowering, pinch off growing tips.

Whether seasoning rich tomato sauces or creating perfect made-from-scratch pesto, basil is a versatile and delicious fresh herb. Combined with its growth habit, it is easy to see why this tasty plant is a favorite for many home gardeners. While the flavor offered by many cultivars of basil may vary greatly, some growers prefer the strong taste of more traditional basil types. One such basil, called Napoletano, is prized for its spicy taste as well as its large, green leaves.

What is Napoletano Basil?

Believed to have originated in Italy, Napoletano basil is a light green variety with crinkled leaves. Commonly referred to as lettuce leaf basil or large leaf basil, the size and branching habit of this plant make it an excellent choice for culinary use. Lush plants also make a fragrant and visually appealing addition to vegetable gardens.

Growing Napoletano Basil

As with growing any other type of basil, Napoletano is fairly easy to grow in the garden. While it is possible to find Napoletano basil plants for sale at local plant nurseries or online, many growers prefer to grow this plant from seed. Doing so will ensure an abundance of plants, at a reasonable cost.

When making the choice to grow basil from seed, gardeners have a few options. Though many may choose to start basil seed indoors with the use of seed trays and grow lights, most gardeners choose to sow the seed directly into the garden after all chance of frost has passed.

To direct sow, simply plant the seeds into a well amended and weed-free garden bed and water thoroughly. Gently press the seeds into the soil at spacing recommended, as per seed packet instructions. Seedlings should emerge within 7-10 days of planting.

Once established, growers can begin to pick the basil leaves in as little as 10 weeks. To harvest the basil, cut small stems from the plant. Since basil is a “cut-and-come-again” plant, frequent harvests of basil leaves will encourage the plants to produce more foliage, as well as prevent the plant from going to seed. When harvesting, never remove more than about 1/4 of the plant at one time. This will help to ensure healthy continued growth throughout the season.

What is Cinnamon basil? Also known as Mexican basil, cinnamon basil is native to the world’s tropical and subtropical climates. Cinnamon basil plants thrive when temperatures are in the 80's and 90's (27-32 C. or more.). This basil plant displays dark green leaves and cinnamon colored stems. Cinnamon basil plants contain cinnamite, a compound that gives the herb an intense, spicy aroma and cinnamon like flavor.

Interested in growing Cinnamon basil? It isn’t difficult. Read on for more Cinnamon basil info.

Cinnamon Basil Information

Cinnamon basil is sometimes used medicinally, and is said to be good for maladies such as constipation, headaches, cough, and diarrhea. It contains vitamins A and C, and provides a generous amount of vitamin K. The spicy herb is appreciated by chefs too, who use it as an attractive garnish or to flavor hot drinks or other dishes.

How to Grow Cinnamon Basil

The easiest way to grow Cinnamon basil is to purchase small plants from a greenhouse or nursery. However, you can plant the seeds directly in the garden after all frost danger has passed. If you want to get a head start on the growing season, start seeds indoors four to six weeks before the last frost.

Cinnamon basil requires full sunlight and well-drained soil. Dig a generous amount of compost or well-rotted manure into the soil before planting. Allow plenty of space for Cinnamon basil, as the plant can reach heights and widths of up to 3 feet (1 m.).

Water cinnamon basil plants as needed to keep the soil lightly moist but never soggy. Cinnamon basil grown in containers should be watered whenever the top 1 inch (2.5 cm.) of potting mix feels dry. Don’t overwater, as basil is prone to rot in muddy soil conditions. A thin layer of mulch will help keep the soil moist and prevent evaporation.

Pinch the tips of Cinnamon basil as the plants grow to produce full, bushy growth. Remove the spiky blooms as soon as they appear. Snip leaves and stems any time during the growing season. The flavor is best when the plants are harvested before they flower.

Watch for pests such as aphids and spider mites. Most pests are easily controlled with regular use of insecticidal soap spray.

Many gardeners would describe basil as a culinary herb with green leaves and a pungent flavor. But while basil leaves are almost always pungent, they definitely don’t have to be green. More than a few varieties are purple.

If you are in the market for a new type of basil, you’ll want to consider Osmin basil plants. What is Osmin basil? It offers that spicy basil flavor but adds to the package extremely ornamental leaves in deepest purple. Read on for more Osmin purple basil information.

What is Osmin Basil?

Osmin basil plants are not the only purple basils, but they definitely stand out from the crowd. Their leaves grow in a true dark maroon color, the deepest purple of any basil plant. The leaves also mature faster than any other purple basils. They are shiny and attractive, as well as spicy, and work well for an edible garnish. But the leaves are not the only ornamental aspect to basil Osmin purple. These basil plants also grow delightful, pink flowers.

Osmin basil plants grow to 18 inches (45.5 cm.) tall and can become quite bushy. If you grow several plants, you’ll want to space them at least a foot (30.5 cm.) apart in your garden to give each one the elbow room it needs to mature.

Growing Osmin Basil Plants

If you decide to start growing Osmin basil, you’ll find that this ornamental herb is just as easy to grow as other basils. Select a full sun location for the fastest growth. Osmin basil plants will also grow in partial sun, but you might not get as lush a crop.

All basil grows best during the warm season, but Osmin basil is surprisingly cold hardy. Osmin basil plants can survive temperatures down to 20 to 30 degrees F. (-7 to -1 degrees C.). It’s still a good idea to plant them outside only after the final spring frost.

How soon after planting can you expect a harvest? According to Osmin purple basil information, this basil matures in about 75 days. In addition, to use as garnishes or for culinary dishes, a deep rose vinegar made from the purple leaves is said to be delicious in salads and marinades.

If you think of basil as an Italian herb, you aren’t alone. Lots of Americans think basil comes from Italy when, in fact, it hails from India. However, the pungent flavor of basil has become an integral part of many Italian dishes.

You’ll find many types of basil available in commerce. One heirloom variety you might want to try is basil Serata (Ocimum basilicum ‘Serata’). Read on for lots of Serata basil information, including tips on how to grow Serata basil in your herb garden.

What is Serata Basil?

Basil is a popular garden herb and a favorite of gardeners since it is so easy to grow. All annual basil varieties thrive during the warm season and require a sunny location in the garden. There are dozens of varieties and cultivars of basil and most of them will give tomato dishes a kick. But basil ‘Serata’ is something special and definitely worth a second look.

This is a type of basil plant that has been around so long that it is classified as an heirloom. It has ruffled leaves and a good, spicy, basil flavor. Basil ‘Serata’ is a unique variety of heirloom basil with a strong flavor and an attractive look. In fact, according to Serata basil information, these plants are really lovely. The bright green leaves of Serata basil plants have fancy ruffled edges. These make them pretty enough to do double duty as a garnish.

If you are considering growing Serata basil plants, you’ll want a little more Serata basil info.

How to Grow Serata Basil

Most basil is fairly easy to grow, and Serata basil plants are no exception. You’ll need to site this basil in a sunny spot of the garden, preferably a full sun location, to help it thrive.

Basil needs well-draining soil with a soil pH of between 6.0 and 6.5. Fortunately, this pH range is also ideal for most other vegetables. Enrich the soil by blending in organic compost since Serata basil plants prefer rich soil.

Start basil seeds indoors a month before your outdoor planting date. Sow them ¼ inch (0.5 cm.) deep and watch for them to sprout within 10 days. Pot up a plant when you see two sets of true leaves. Transplant in the garden when the temperature warms and mulch with pine straw.

Maybe you’re already familiar with this herb, or perhaps you are left wondering exactly what is Dark Opal basil? Either way, read on for more details on growing Dark Opal basil and a few of its many uses.

Dark Opal Basil Info

There are scores of basil varieties, many are a traditional green color, but some are an eye-catching purple. Purple basils are unusual and attractive growing in containers in both indoor and outdoor herb gardens. Some purple basil plants, such as Dark Opal purple basil, are intensely aromatic.

Plant Dark Opal basil where you can enjoy the fragrance as you enter your yard or along walkways as you stroll through the garden. Pink flowers add to the beauty of the dark purple, almost black leaves of this specimen. Growing a little more slowly than many other basil plants, the blooms of this plant appear in the flowerbed in mid to late summer. Keep flowers pinched back while using the leaves for culinary or medicinal purposes.

Growing Dark Opal Basil Plants

Start seeds indoors or plant outside when temperatures are 65 degrees F. (18 C.) or warmer. Plant seeds of this basil in a light, well-draining soil that’s amended with well-composted materials. Allow 3 to 14 days for germination. Move into a partially sunny spot as leaves develop.

Keep the soil consistently moist while germinating, but not wet, as young plants may damp off and fail. Move gradually into a full sun spot as plants mature.

You may also propagate from cuttings. As this plant grows more slowly than other basils, begin pruning when it has taken on a few inches in upright shape with several leaves. Prune or pinch top leaves first to encourage new side branches to develop.

Harvest often to encourage growth and a more attractive Dark Opal basil plant. When you’re ready for blooms on the plant, stop using the leaves, as they may become bitter during flowering.

How to Use Dark Opal Purple Basil

Use those trimmings in pasta or pesto or brew them for a therapeutic tea. Basil is said to calm the digestive tract, among other medicinal uses. Dark Opal basil info says this plant is “described as having a variety of medicinal and health benefits, and …a general restorative and warming effect, with a mild sedative action.” It is used to calm muscle spasms. Chewing the leaves improves nausea and even flatulence.

Dark Opal basil leaves provide an antibacterial agent that clears up acne and treats stinging insect bites. The leaves may be torn or pounded for inclusion into your homemade bug repellent spray.

Grow this basil along with tomato plants, as it encourages growth and repels pests of the tomato. Grow it in containers on the deck or near outdoor seating areas to help keep mosquitoes and stinging insects at bay.

Store leaves, fresh or dried, for use during the time your plants no longer grow. Freeze them whole or preserve in layers of sea salt. You may also chop basil and combine with other herbs and oil to freeze in ice cube trays and save in freezer bags once frozen. This attractive purple color stands out in many dishes.

Thanks to the ingenuity of plant breeders and horticulturists, basil is now available in different sizes, shapes, flavors, and scents. In fact, Sweet Dani lemon basil was first discovered by James E. Simon and Mario Morales of Purdue University, in an effort to breed a perfect ornamental variety of basil. However, the exquisite flavor and scent of this variety we now call Sweet Dani basil led to a six year study of its culinary and medicinal benefits in the herb and veggie garden.

What is Sweet Dani basil? Continue reading to learn about growing Sweet Dani basil, as well as its uses.

About Sweet Dani Herbs

Sweet Dani lemon basil is a variety of Ocimum basilicum with an undeniable lemony scent and flavor. Its tangy, citrus flavor and scent is due to the fact that it contains about 65% more natural essential oils than other basil plants. In 1998, this earned Sweet Dani basil the title of All-American Selection. This honor, of course, quickly popularized this new variety and, today, it can be easily found in most garden centers throughout the world.

Sweet Dani lemon basil plants grow to about 26 to 30 inches (66-76 cm.) tall. They produce medium sized, shiny leaves and white flowers that attract bees and butterflies. However, if allowed to flower, the plant will stop producing new, fresh leaves which are essential for basil dishes and cocktails. Like other basil herbs, Sweet Dani is carefully pruned or pinched to prevent flowering for a long season of fresh leaves.

Sweet Dani lemon basil leaves are used in traditional basil recipes such as pesto, caprese salad, or margherita pizza. The unique lemony flavor of the leaves are also excellent additions to fresh lettuce or arugula salads, fruit salads, Thai dishes and, of course, cocktails. Sweet Dani leaves can be used to make refreshing basil mojitos, gimlets, and bellinis. It can also be added to strawberry, blueberry, or raspberry infused vodka or gin.

 Growing Sweet Dani Basil Plants

Sweet Dani basil plants can be extremely sensitive to cold and drought. Seeds should be started indoors, about six weeks before the last expected frost date for your region. When daytime temperatures remain steadily around 70 degrees F. (21 C.), young plants can be transplanted in the garden or outdoor containers.

They should be planted in fertile, well-draining soil in full sun. While basil plants thrive in sun and heat, they do need to be watered regularly, as they can wilt quite quickly. You should not frequently fertilize basil plants, as it can negatively affect their flavor and scent.

Sweet Dani herbs also have the same medicinal uses as other basil plants. They add a lemony flavor to herbal teas used to treat cold and flu symptoms, as well as digestion troubles. In addition to their medicinal properties, Sweet Dani lemon basil plants repel mosquitoes and flies. As companion plants they deter aphids, hornworms, and spider mites.

Basil is one of the most popular herbs gown by home gardeners. With great variety in size, texture, and taste among the various cultivars, it is easy to see why basil is such a popular choice. While most basil plants range in color from green to purple, taste differences between cultivars cannot be ignored.

Bold flavor profiles lend the plants’ use to imaginative and creative kitchen recipes, as well as in traditional favorites throughout the world. For this reason, basils such as the licorice basil plant are long-time favorites among traditional gardeners and herb aficionados alike.

What is Licorice Basil?

Licorice basil is a strong, flavorful variety of basil which grows into vibrant green plants with hints of purple on the foliage. A type of Thai basil, these plants are not only beautiful, but reward growers as an immensely fragrant addition to the home garden. As the name would imply, both licorice and anise are prevalent in the flavor of the basil. Licorice, growing in the ground or in containers, thrives in warm weather climates which receive ample sunlight.

Licorice Basil Info

Like many other varieties of basil, licorice flavored basil plants are extremely easy to grow. While it may be possible to locate seedlings in local garden centers, most believe that basil is best grown from seed. Basil licorice growing from seed is a cost effective way to increase basil harvests, even for those with relatively short growing seasons.

Growers have several options when starting basil seed. Though it is possible to start basil seeds indoors in seed trays, many gardeners find that direct sowing the seed is both efficient and effective. To direct sow, simply broadcast the seeds into a well amended and weed free garden bed and water thoroughly.

Seedlings should emerge within 7-10 days of planting. Since these plants are frost tender, make certain only to sow into the garden after all chance of frost has passed in your growing zone.

Beyond planting, licorice basil plants require little care. To promote healthier, bushier plants, many gardeners may choose to pinch basil seedlings early in the season as a means to help promote the plants’ branching habit.

Frequent and consistent watering will result in lush, green growth from plants without the need for frequent fertilization. At harvest time, make certain only to remove about one-fourth of the plant to ensure continued basil harvests throughout the season.

Possibly the most well-known of this herb type, Greek basil is an open pollinated heirloom basil. It is used in many areas of Greece, where it grows wild. Read on to learn more about this impressive basil plant variety.

What is Greek Basil?

Greek dwarf basil has been in use for centuries. It was planted in the Mediterranean area where it became established and is much used, eventually making it to the U.S. where it grows prolifically as well. Burpee first sold basil seeds in 1908. Most everyone is now familiar with this versatile herb.

Producing dome-shaped plants that reach about 8 inches (20 cm.) in height, Greek basil is the favorite in sauces for tomato dishes, Italian food and other recipes.

The leaves of Greek basil herb plants have a great deal of medicinal value, according to sources. A basil tea calms the stomach and relieves spasms in the digestive track. Leaves may be chewed for a quick fix to stomach issues like nausea, diarrhea, and even flatulence. Some say it helps with symptoms of a cold and can assist in relieving water retention.

Greek Basil Care

Growing Greek basil is simple and productive. Plant seeds in a sunny spot when soil has warmed to 60 degrees F. (15 C.) or warmer. Include some Greek basil herb plants as companions to your tomato plants, as it encourages their growth while repelling some pests with its sweet and aromatic fragrance. Basil fragrance repels mosquitoes and stinging insects. Grow it in containers on your deck to avoid some of those pesky bites. You can also use basil leaves in a natural spray you create to keep the pests off you.

Greek basil care involves regular watering, pruning and sometimes fertilization if the plant appears weak. Work compost into the soil prior to planting. Some basil information says fertilizer changes basil flavor and aroma, so don’t feed the plant unless needed.

Pinch off the tiny leaves to maintain the globe shape. Harvest when leaves begin to grow on all shoots, starting with the top. Energy is then directed down the stem which encourages side shoots to develop and produces a more attractive plant. This plant reaches maturity in 60-90 days. Be sure to harvest all you need for use and storage before allowing flowers to develop.

Greek basil stores well for later use. Dry it in a cool, shaded area by hanging upside down in small bundles or spreading single layers on screen there. When its dry, store in a tightly sealed glass jar and store in a dark spot. Fresh leaves may be frozen in sandwich bags or chopped and mixed with other herbs and olive oil, then frozen in ice cube trays. Alternate layers of sea salt and fresh basil leaves in a single layer to store the harvest. Store in a dark, dry cabinet.

Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) is a favorite herb for containers or gardens. As a medicinal herb, sweet basil is used to treat digestion and liver problems, to detoxify the body, as a natural anti-inflammatory and anti-depressant, to treat headaches and migraines, and also for wound care and to treat skin conditions. Sweet basil is an ingredient in many natural beauty products. It is also grown for its many culinary uses.

Fresh or dried, basil leaves are an essential ingredient in many Italian, Greek, and Asian dishes. If you love to make fresh from the garden pesto or caprese salad, you may be growing a type of sweet basil known as Genovese basil.

What is Genovese Basil?

Genovese basil is a variety of sweet basil that originated in Italy. Its vigorous, large leaves have a sweet, slightly spicy flavor. Genovese basil produces bright green, slightly crinkled leaves that can grow up to 3 inches (8 cm.) long. They are excellent for pesto, caprese salad, and other dishes that require large, fresh basil leaves. In fact, Genovese basil uses are much the same as with any other sweet basil plant.

Genovese basil plants can grow 2 to 3 feet (61-91 cm.) high. Plants will grow in a full, bushy form if the tips are pinched regularly and the plant is not allowed to flower. Once basil plants produce flowers, all the plant’s energy is directed into flower and seed production, and the vegetative parts of the plant will stop growing.

If Genovese basil plants do go to flower though, the flowers can be harvested and used in recipes that call for basil. However, basil flowers are said to have a much more concentrated basil flavor and scent, so they should be used sparingly.

How to Grow Genovese Basil Plants

Genovese basil is a preferred variety of sweet basil, not only because of its large, sweet leaves, but it is also slow to bolt in extreme heat and does not become bitter with age. Like other basil varieties, Genovese basil plants prefer a site with rich, fertile soil and at least six hours of sunlight each day. It is best to create a nutrient-rich bed for basil plants than to plant them in poor soil and rely on fertilizers to feed them. Fertilizers can negatively affect the flavor, scent, and potency of basil plants.

Genovese basil growing requirements are the same as any basil plant. Seeds should be sown indoors four to six weeks before the last expected frost date for your area. Genovese basil plants should germinate in about five to ten days but plants should not be placed outdoors until daytime temperatures remain steadily in the 70 degrees F. (21 C.) range.

Genovese basil plants are also excellent for use in containers. In older times, basil was planted in window boxes or windowsill pots to keep flies out.

Spicy Globe basil plants are short and compact, reaching only 6 to 12 inches (15-30 cm.) in most gardens. Their attractive round shape makes a great addition to the sunny flower bed or herb garden. The flavor of the basil ‘Spicy Globe’ herb is different from most basils, adding a spicy kick to pasta dishes and pestos. It is easy to grow and regular harvesting encourages more growth.

Information about Basil ‘Spicy Globe’ Herbs

Just what is Spicy Globe basil, you may ask. Ocimum basilicum ‘Spicy Globe’ is a member of the basil family that is usually grown as an annual herb. If you keep an indoor herb garden during winter, you may include this basil, as it is actually a perennial plant. The taste is more spicy than other basil varieties and is at its best when used fresh.

Growing Spicy Globe Basil

If you wish to grow this herb outside, plant seeds when temperatures are consistently in the high 40’s to low 50’s (4-10 C.). Plant in soil lightly amended with compost and cover no more than 1/8 inch (3 mm.). Water lightly so as not to dislodge seeds from their planting spot. Keep the soil moist until you see germination, and thin when seedlings are about ¼ inch (6 mm.).

Spicy Globe bush basil grows quickly when conditions are right, planted in full sun and getting adequate water. Morning sun is most appropriate for this basil plant and afternoon shade is most appropriate during hot summer days.

A half-strength feeding is appropriate when plants are established, but some say fertilizer affects the basil taste. With this type of basil, you will likely want the full taste experience, so limit feeding to those plants that appear to need a little boost.

Growing Spicy Globe basil is one of the more easy and fun herbs to grow. Keep the interesting round shape with regular harvesting of the small dense leaves. Basil varieties love the heat, so expect an abundant summer harvest.

Use it in vinegars, salads, and Italian dishes. You may even use a few leaves in desserts. If you have extras from the harvest, dry it or put it in a sealed bag in the freezer.

Introduced in 2005, this aromatic, annual herb is growing in popularity and for reasons you might not think. This basil, Queen of Sheba, plant is ornamental and often scattered among annual flowers in various landscape beds. The fragrance and the long-lasting, dark purple flowers encourage growers to plant it near walkways and seating areas.

Ocimum basilicum ‘Queen of Sheba’ has a mild flavor and may be used in pesto sauces and other Italian type dishes where light, basil flavor combines with other herbs to create that unique taste. Harvest a good amount of leaves for drying before allowing the lovely flowers to grow. As with other herbs, flowering or allowing the plant to bolt often changes the taste.

Queen of Sheba Basil Care

Growing Queen of Sheba basil is easy and quite similar to growing other basil types. This herb is normally started from seed, but may also grow readily from cuttings or division if you have a plant that’s survived the winter. When learning how to grow Queen of Sheba basil, choose a sunny spot in the yard that will benefit from purple flowers later in the season.

You may grow Queen of Sheba basil as part of an herb garden or in an annual bed. To get it growing sooner, start seeds indoors four to six weeks before your last frost date. When early morning temperatures are consistently in the high 40's F. (4 C.), plant into the ground or outdoor container. This herb grows best in a light, well-draining soil. When combining with other annuals, locate it where their mature height won’t shade the basil plants.

Plant it near the front of the bed for your convenience, if desired. You can keep it at an attractive height with regular pruning. Other Queen of Sheba basil care includes monthly fertilization unless you’ve incorporated a long-acting, pelleted fertilizer into the bed. Keep an eye out for pests that may be attracted to new foliage growth, particularly aphids. If you see as warm of small bugs around new growth, blast them off with the water hose set as strong as the plant will allow.

Get a jump-start on aphid problems by growing nasturtiums in your beds. Plant them as soon as the weather allows. The attractive flowers of this plant are known as aphid traps, drawing the pests away from your other plantings. Queen of Sheba basil plant is said to attract wildlife, so surround these with repellent plants like lavender, dill, and chives.

Harvest from the top at first to develop an attractive, full plant. Pinch out flower buds until you’re ready to let the plants flower. You can then enjoy the attractive flowers.

Lemon basil herbs are a must have in many dishes. As with other basil plants, it is easy to grow and the more you harvest, the more you get. When growing Mrs. Burns basil, you get 10% more, because the leaves are 10% bigger than on the standard lemon basil. Ready to learn more? Keep reading for additional information for growing this flavorful basil plant.

What is Mrs. Burns Basil?

You may ask, “what is Mrs. Burns basil?” It’s a sweet basil cultivar with more intense flavor, larger leaves, and a prolific growth habit. Mrs. Burns lemon basil info says the plant does well in dry soil and may self-seed to produce more plants during the season. It was found growing in Carlsbad, New Mexico in Mrs. Clifton’s garden since the 1920’s. Janet Burns received seeds of this plant from her in the 1950’s and eventually passed them along to her son. Barney Burns was a Native Seeds/SEARCH founder and incorporated Mrs. Burns basil plants into the registry. Since that time, this prolific herb has grown in popularity, and for good reason.

Growing Mrs. Burns Basil Plants

Seeds are readily available on the internet if you wish to try growing this delightful and flavorful lemon basil. Sixty days to maturity, you can get it started from seed indoors and have plants outside earlier in the growing season. Acclimate to full sun and harvest from the top at first to make your plant stockier and fuller. These plants are said to have a compact habit. Harvest often, drying the leaves if necessary. The more you harvest, the more Mrs. Burns basil plants produce. While the plant can exist in dry soil and do well, as with most basil, it flourishes with reasonable watering. If you grow it outside, don’t fear letting it get wet from rains. Continue harvesting. This herb also remains flavorful when dried. To collect seeds for next year, let a plant or two flower and harvest seeds from them. Herbs often become bitter after flowering, so only allow a few to set seed until the end of the growing season. If you wish to grow Mrs. Burns basil indoors during winter, start a couple new plants near the end of the outdoor season. With the right light and water, they will grow and develop inside. A feeding at this time is appropriate. Use Mrs. Burns lemon basil in teas, smoothies, and a range of edibles. A favorite of international chefs, some dishes only need the leaves brushed across the top of the dish. For more of the lemon flavor, incorporate it into the item.

For many, the process of planning and growing an herb garden may be confusing. With so many options, it is sometimes difficult to know where to start. Though some herbs are best grown from store bought transplants, many, such as basil, are extremely easy to grow from seed. Ranging widely in color and taste, basil plants remain one of the most popular herbs found in today’s home gardens. One variety in particular, called ‘Purple Ruffles,’ is prized for its taste as well as its visually striking foliage.

What is Purple Ruffles Basil?

Of the many available varieties of basil, Purple Ruffles is one which serves its purpose as an herb as well as a beautiful ornamental addition to the garden. With a mild taste similar to that of sweet basil, large plants produce bright purple-toothed leaves. Like many edible purple plants, these leaves contain an antioxidant called anthocyanin, which gives them their characteristic color. Purple Ruffles basil plants are a great easy-to-grow addition to mixed vegetable gardens, and can even be grown in containers indoors.

Growing Purple Ruffles Basil Plants

Growing Purple Ruffles basil is very similar to growing any other cultivar of basil. Since these frost tender plants grow best under warm growing conditions, it is important to always wait until all chance of frost has passed in the spring before planting. While it may be possible to find basil transplants at local garden centers, many growers prefer to start basil plants from seed. Since these plants are most often treated as annuals, planting from seed is the most cost-effective option for growers. Basil seeds can be started indoors in seed trays or direct sowed into the garden when the soil has warmed. To sow, select a weed free and well-draining flower bed. If growing in containers, select at least a medium sized pot and fill it with a mixture of compost and potting soil. Sow the seeds into the pot and water well. Place into a warm, sunny location until germination occurs. Basil seed germination should take place within seven to ten days. Beyond planting, Purple Ruffles basil care is relatively simple. Unlike many plants, basil does not require frequent fertilization. However, the plants will require frequent and consistent watering throughout the growing season. To encourage bushier plant growth, many growers choose to pinch the plants or frequently prune them throughout the harvest period. To harvest basil, make certain never to remove more than one-third of the plant, as to ensure continued growth.

Basil (Ocimum basilicum) is one of my favorite herbs. For most of us, our usefulness for basil doesn't extend much beyond the kitchen, so you may be surprised to learn in this basil plant history that the plant has had many non-culinary uses over the past thousands of years. Read on to learn more about these historical uses for basil.

History of Basil

The history of basil goes way (way) back, by some estimates, to about 5,000 years culminating in up to 150 different cultivars of basil worldwide, each with a distinctive flavor. If you enjoy Italian cuisine, then you are likely familiar with the sweet basil varieties. However, if you are partial to Asian cuisine, then your taste buds would be attuned to thai basil, lemon basil and holy basil.

The true origin of basil seems to be up for debate, but the most widespread beliefs are that it originated in either India or Asia and spread to the Mediterranean via the ancient spice routes. A member of the Lamiaceae (mint) family, basil is in good company with other well-known herbs such as rosemary, sage, and lavender.

The scientific botanical name of basil is Ocimum basilicum. The first part of this name could be rooted in Greek mythology in the tale of the warrior Ocimus. Basil appeared when Ocimus fell to a challenging gladiator. Or, if the stuff of myth and legend just isn't for you, let's fall back on the notion that the name Ocimum could be derived from the Greek word okimon, which by definition means "fragrant" - there is no disputing that basil is an aromatic herb.

But what about the second half of the scientific name - basilicum? Well there are two schools of thought on this. It could be an allusion to the Greek word "basileus," which means "kingly." Basil is sometimes referred to as the "king of herbs" or the "royal herb," perhaps due to the belief that basil was first grown on the original cross of Christ. Romans also referred to basil as "basiliscus" because they thought that eating basil would protect them from the basilisk (a fire breathing dragon).

Historical Uses for Basil

Embalming and Preserving Herb

Archeologists conjecture that the ancient Egyptians used basil as an embalming herb as the herb has been discovered in mummies removed from the pyramids.

Medicine

Ancient traditional medicines, some of which are still practiced today, like Ayurveda, used basil as a soothing and healing herb for many different afflictions. In addition, basil is incorporated into many essential oils that are in the marketplace today due to basil's long standing reputation of being an herb with restorative properties.

Scorpion Protection or Outbreaks

African legends touted basil's ability to protect against scorpion stings. In the 1500's, a French doctor by the name of Hilarius (and you may find this "hilarious") proclaimed that smelling basil would cause scorpions to evolve in the brain. A Flemish doctor during this same time period suggested that crushed basil left between bricks would turn into a scorpion.

Love or Hate

Throughout the centuries, basil has either been a symbol of love or hate. In Portugal, for example, a small decorated pot of basil (manjerico) is traditionally given to cherished ones as a symbol of love on religious holidays (St. Anthony's and St. John's Day). Basil is also synonymous with love to those in Iran, Malaysia and Egypt, where it is planted on grave sites. To the ancient Greeks, basil was a symbol of poverty, hatred and misfortune due to the notion that basil only cropped up where there was abuse.

However, in the same token, they also believed it opened the gateways to heaven and tucked it in the hands of the dead to ensure them a safe journey to the afterlife. There you have it, a glimpse into the history of basil! It is interesting when history reveals how one plant was used and regarded in so many different ways across different cultures and across the centuries.

What is red basil? Also known as Red Rubin basil, red basil (Ocimum basilicum purpurascens) is a compact basil plant with handsome reddish purple foliage and a delightful aroma. The small pink flowers are an added bonus in mid to late summer. Want to learn more about growing Red Rubin basil? Read on!

How to Grow Red Rubin Basil Plants

Red basil plants add beauty and interest to the garden. Plant red basil in containers or tuck a few in a bed along with other annuals. The plant is ornamental, and the leaves can be used for cooking or to make flavored vinegars. The flavor is a bit more pungent than other types of basil, so use it sparingly.

Red Rubin basil is easy to grow from seed after all danger of frost has passed in spring, or plant seeds indoors six to eight weeks ahead of time. Alternatively, propagate Red Rubin basil by taking stem cuttings from an existing plant.

This annual herb requires rich, well-drained soil and at least six hours of bright sunlight.

Red Basil Care and Harvest

Water Red Rubin basil plants every week during dry weather. Water at the base of the plant to keep the leaves dry and prevent powdery mildew and other fungal diseases. Spread about an inch (2.5 cm.) of mulch around the plants to keep the soil cool and moist.

Feed Red Rubin basil plants two or three times during active growth. Pinch the central stem when the seedlings are about 6 inches (15 cm.) tall to promote bushy growth. Remove flower spikes regularly.

Harvest Red Rubin basil when the plants have at least eight leaves but leave the first set of leaves at the base of the stem. You can also harvest entire plants and hang them upside down in a cool, arid location to dry, or snip and freeze the tender stems.

Note that Red Rubin basil declines once temperatures drop to about 50 degrees F. (10 C.).

Basil is many a cook’s favorite herb and I am no exception. With a subtle peppery taste that evolves into a sweetness and lightness accompanied by a delicate menthol aroma, well, it’s no wonder ‘basil’ comes from the Greek word “basileus,” meaning king! There are many different cultivars of basil, but one of my favorites is the Boxwood basil plant. What’s Boxwood basil? Read on to find out how to grow Boxwood basil and all about Boxwood basil care.

What is Boxwood Basil?

As its name suggests, a growing Boxwood basil plant looks much akin to boxwood. Ocimum basilicum ‘Boxwood’ is a highly ornamental basil. This compact, round, bushy basil looks fabulous as a fragrant edging around the garden, in containers, or even trimmed into topiaries. Boxwood basil grows between 8 and 14 inches (20-36 cm.) wide and tall. It is suitable in USDA zones 9 to 11.

How to Grow Boxwood Basil

Like other basil varieties, Boxwood is a tender annual that likes both warm air and soil. Start seeds indoors three to four weeks prior to the last frost in your area in a good quality starting medium. Lightly cover the seeds and keep them moist. Germination will take place in five to ten days at an optimal temperature of around 70 degrees F. (21 C.). Once the seedlings show their first couple of sets of leaves, move the plants to bright light and continue growing Boxwood basil until temperatures have warmed enough to transplant them outside. Wait until nighttime temperatures are at least a consistent 50 degrees F. (10 C.) or over.

Boxwood Basil Care

When temperatures have warmed enough to move the basil outside, select a site with full sun and well-draining soil. Keep the basil damp but not sodden; give it about an inch (2.5 cm.) of water each week depending upon weather conditions. If the Boxwood basil is container grown, it may need to be watered even more frequently. Leaves can be harvested throughout the growing season. Continually pinching the plant back will result in additional leaf production and a bushier plant.

Basil is the “King of Herbs,” but it isn’t just one plant. There are so many varieties from purple to chocolate to Thai, and even citrus. Citrus basil plants add a hint of fruitiness to this already delightful herb and are great for adding fragrance and flavor to your garden, home, and kitchen.

What is Citrus Basil?

Sweet basil is the variety of this herb that most people associate with it. It grows large, flat, green leaves and has a sweet aroma and flavor that is reminiscent of anise, yet totally unique. This is the typical culinary and Italian basil, and it’s great, but there are other options. Citrus basil (Ocimum basilicum citriodorum) is a group of a few varieties of basil that are notable for a mild citrus scent. The plants are a little bit smaller than other varieties, growing to about 12 inches (31 cm.) tall.

Types of Citrus Basil Plants

There are a few citrus basil varieties with subtle differences in aroma and taste to suit exactly what you want for your garden and kitchen:

• Lemon basil. Lemon basil is the most common variety of citrus basil and the one you will find the most easily. It has a mild, lemony scent and flavor. The leaves are silvery green.
• Lime basil. This variety, as the name suggests, has a lime aroma and flavor. It may be more difficult to find but is well worth the hunt. The leaves are bright green.
• Mrs. Burns’ basil. This unique variety of basil has a combination of lemon and lime in its flavor and scent. The leaves are bright green, and the flavor is intense.

How to Grow Citrus Basil

Growing citrus basil is not really any different from growing sweet basil. If you have a successful herb garden already, you can simply add citrus basil to the mix. These plants grow well in beds and in containers outdoors or indoors by a sunny window. Basil plants of all types need good drainage and a lot of sun, although they will tolerate a little shade. If growing outside, don’t plant your basil until after the first frost. Light organic fertilizer or compost will encourage more growth. Pests are not usually an issue for basil, but root rot is. Don’t overwater your plants and make sure they are draining. Also important is to harvest leaves of basil plants regularly to encourage more growth and pinch off any flowers as they appear. The leaves won’t taste the same if they bolt. You won’t regret growing citrus basil in your next herb garden or even indoors in a container over the winter. The delightful scent is especially nice to have indoors during colder months.

Basil is the “king of herbs,” a plant that has been used in both food and for medicinal purposes for thousands of years. Its rich and varied flavors and delightful smell have continued to make it a popular garden and potted plant. Of the many varieties you can choose for your garden, bush basil plants are compact and showy and have smaller leaves than sweet basil with a concentrated punch of flavor.

What is Bush Basil?

Basil comes in so many varieties that it can be hard to choose just one or two for a limited space. Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) is fairly common, a tall herb with large, glossy green leaves. Bush basil (Ocimum minimum), sometimes called dwarf basil, only grows to about 6 inches tall (15 cm.) and is compact and bushy with smaller leaves. While both are annual plants, bush basil may survive the winter in milder climates.

For culinary purposes, bush basil vs. sweet basil is a matter of taste. The leaves of both plants are used in similar ways, like in sauces or in salads. The flavor in the leaves of bush basil is more intense than sweet basil, so you get more bang for your buck. It is because of this strong flavor; you’ll often see bush basil called “spicy globe” basil.

Growing Bush Basil in the Garden or Containers

Bush basil care is simple, making this tasty and fragrant plant easy to grow even for those without a green thumb. Since it’s shrub-like, compact, and bushy, growing bush basil in a pot is a great choice. It can even be used to create a low hedge in a garden. It will grow well and easily whether you choose a container, or you put it right in the ground.

Bush basil prefers rich soil, so find a good quality potting soil, or use a fertilizer to enrich your soil. Choose a full-sun location that drains well, water your plant regularly, and it should grow well. As it grows, harvest leaves as needed. Pinching it back will actually help it grow more. If you see flowers starting to grow, pinch them off. A flowering basil plant loses its flavor.

How to Use Bush Basil Plants

The leaves of the bush basil have an intense flavor, so you don’t need to use as many as you would with other varieties. Otherwise, you can use your small leaves exactly as you would with sweet basil. Bush basil leaves go great in anything Italian, like pasta dishes and tomato sauces. You can use the leaves in salads and with vegetable dishes. Basil even tastes great in drinks, like lemonade, iced tea, and cocktails.

Bush basil plants are easy to grow, the leaves taste great, and they look nice both in containers and gardens. They make a great choice for any garden, yard, or windowsill.

Help! My basil leaves are curling and I don’t know what to do! Why do basil leaves curl under? The reason for basil leaves curling up may be environmental, or your plant may be diseased or pestered by pests. Read on to learn more about this frustrating problem.

Reasons for Basil Leaves Curling Up

Generally, growing basil in the garden is easy and stress-free. That being said, problems can and do arise. Basil leaf curl treatment is dependent on the specific factor causing it. Here are the most common stressors leading to curling basil leaves. Sunlight – Basil is definitely a sun-loving plant and exposure to less than six hours of bright light per day may result in distorted foliage or basil leaves small and curled. Relocating the plant to a sunnier location may solve the problem. Water: Too much or too little – Basil requires regular water, but not too much. As a general rule, water the plant deeply whenever the top 1 to 2 inches (2.5-5 cm.) of soil feels dry to the touch, usually once every four to seven days. However, keep in mind that potted plants may require more frequent irrigation, especially during hot, dry weather. Whether the plant is in the ground or in a container, be sure the soil (or potting mix) is lightweight and drains well. Water at the base of the plant and keep the leaves as dry as possible. Diseases – Fungal diseases may be the cause of basil leaves curling up, but chances are, you’ll notice other telltale signs. For example, powdery mildew is a fungal disease that causes a grey, powdery substance on the leaves. The disease is caused when conditions become too moist, including too much shade or soggy soil. Fusarium wilt, which is usually deadly, can cause brown or distorted leaves. To prevent moisture related diseases, water basil carefully as directed above. Pests – Basil is a hardy plant, but it can sometimes be bothered by aphids and other small, sap-sucking pests such as spider mites or scale. The pests can be difficult to see, but a close look at the leaves, especially the undersides, will usually tell the tale. If you determine your plant is infested with bugs, insecticidal soap spray usually keeps the pests in check. Be sure to spray when the foliage is in the shade; otherwise, the spray may scorch the plant. Don’t spray when the temperatures are above 90 degrees F. (32 C.).

Versatile and easy to grow, basil is an attractive culinary herb valued for its aromatic leaves, which are used either dry or fresh. Although basil is usually grown as an annual, it is suitable for growing year-round in USDA plant hardiness zones 10 and above. Although the herb is relatively trouble-free, it is susceptible to certain pests and diseases that can cause yellowish leaves on basil plants.

What Causes Basil Leaves to Turn Yellow?

There are a number of reasons for a basil plant turning yellow, and determining the reason isn’t always easy. Improper watering – Root rot, a result of too much water, is one of the most common reasons for yellow leaves on basil plants. Water basil only when the top 1 to 2 inches (2.5-5 cm.) of soil is dry, and remember that slightly dry soil is healthier than soggy soil. As a general rule, one deep watering every seven to ten days is adequate. If you grow basil in a container, be sure the pot has at least one drainage hole. Fungal disease – Although several fungal diseases can cause yellow leaves on basil plants, downy mildew is one of the most common. Downy mildew is a fast-spreading fungus recognized by yellowish basil leaves and a fuzzy, gray or brown growth. If you catch the problem early, you may be able to stop the spread by clipping affected growth. However, badly affected plants should be removed and disposed of carefully. Growing conditions – Chilly temperatures are another reason for yellowish basil leaves. Basil prefers daytime temps above 70 degrees F. (21 C.). Nighttime temperatures should be above 50 degrees F. (10 C.) Lack of sun is yet another common cause of yellowish basil leaves. Basil prefers bright sunlight for six to eight hours per day. Basil grown indoors will likely need artificial light during the winter, ideally for 10 to 12 hours per day. Aphids – Aphids are tiny pests that suck the juice from tender foliage, thus causing yellow leaves on basil plants. Look for aphids on the undersides of leaves and on the joints of stems and leaves. Aphids are easy to control with insecticidal soap, but be careful not to apply the soap when the sun is directly on the leaves or on hot days, as the soap can scorch the plant. Caterpillars - Other pests that feed on basil include many types of caterpillars, all of which can lead to foliar damage like yellowing of the leaves. Large caterpillars can be picked off or you can apply Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis), a natural bacterium that targets these pests. Root knot nematodes – These small, soil-dwelling pests can cause yellowish basil leaves and small galls on the roots. The best recourse is to harvest the plant and use the healthy leaves. Next time plant resistant varieties in soil not affected by nematodes. Lack of nutrients – Basil is a hardy plant that does well in poor soil, but it still requires nutrients in order to thrive. Fertilize basil regularly to prevent yellowish basil leaves using an all-purpose balanced fertilizer.

Basil is a wonderfully versatile annual herb that is native to southern Asia and the islands of the South Pacific. As with other herbs, basil is easy to grow and with ideal conditions quite prolific. Even so, basil plants can have a number of issues; among these are basil plants with woody stems. If you have basil stems turning into wood, read on to learn about troubleshooting woody stems in basil.

How to Avoid Basil with Woody Stems

Basil, Ocimum basilicum, is a member of the Lamiaceae or mint family. Basil is grown primarily for its tender, young leaves which are used either fresh or dried in Asian and European foods. Proper planting and ongoing care of basil give it the best chance to flourish and avoid disease and pests. Basil, like most herbs, likes lot of sunshine, at least six to eight hours per day. Propagation by seed is simple. You can direct sow into the garden after all danger of frost has passed or start seeds early indoors (six to eight weeks prior to planting outside). Sow the seeds evenly and cover them with ¼-inch (.6 cm.) of well-drained soil with a pH of 6.0-7.5. Within five to seven days, you'll see the seedlings begin to emerge. Keep the seedlings moist but not drenched or they may develop a fungal disease called damping-off. When the seedlings have two or three pairs of leaves, thin them or transplant them 6-12 inches (15-30 cm.) apart. Mulch around the plants with grass clippings, straw, compost or ground leaves to help retain moisture and retard weeds. Water the basil every seven to 10 days, depending upon rainfall. If the plants are in containers, they may need additional water. Lightly fertilize basil with a 5-10-5 food once or twice at the rate of 3 ounces (85 g) for every 10 feet (3 m.) of planting space. Use liquid fertilizer at half the recommended strength every four to six weeks for indoor basil and every three to four weeks for basil that is grown outside in containers. Follow all of the above and you should have an abundance of lovely, aromatic basil leaves to harvest. But what happens if you start getting woody basil plants?

Troubleshooting Woody Stems in Basil

Basil, unlike some plants, actually loves to have a little taken off the top. You can harvest as soon as the plant is a few inches tall. Snip young leaves or, if you are harvesting an entire stem, cut above a pair of leaves. This encourages new growth at the cut which should be visible within a week. Keep trimming the basil throughout the growing season to encourage growth. If you can’t use the basil immediately, hang stems to dry or freeze the basil in ice cube trays for later use. Puree the basil with either a little water or olive oil, put the puree in the tray, freeze, and then pop them out and store the cubes in the freezer in an airtight container for later use. The important thing is to keep pruning your basil. If you don’t, the plant will flower and form seed which, in turn, causes the stems to become woody. The leaves will turn bitter as well. If you're growing the basil as an ornamental for its attractive foliage and flowers, then you probably don’t care if the basil stems are turning into wood. If, however, you love those succulent young leaves, keep snipping. Old stems that have not been cut back also turn woody just as a plant that has been allowed to flower. Do keep in mind that basil is an annual. You can extend its life a bit by bringing the plant inside when the weather begins to get cold, but it will eventually die. Woody basil plants simply mean that the plant is protecting itself from the dipping temps. If you bring it inside, give it plenty of light. Production will slow in the winter, but you should still be able to harvest some delectable fresh basil leaves to enliven your winter meals.

If you're tempted to toss a handful of fertilizer at your basil plant in hopes of creating a full, healthy plant, stop and think first. You may be doing more harm than good. Basil plant feeding requires a light touch; too much fertilizer may create a big, beautiful plant, but the quality will be badly compromised, as fertilizer decreases the all-important oils that give this herb its distinctive flavor and aroma.

Fertilizing Basil Plants

If your soil is rich, your plants may do just fine with no fertilizer at all, or you can dig an inch or two (2.5 to 5 cm.) of compost or rotted animal manure into the top 6 to 8 inches (15 to 20.5 cm.) at planting time. If you think the plants need a little extra help, you can use a very light application of a dry fertilizer once or twice during the growing season. The best fertilizer for basil is any good quality, balanced fertilizer. If you're wondering when to feed basil growing in containers, the answer is once every four to six weeks for indoor plants and every two to three weeks for basil in outdoor pots. Instead of a dry fertilizer, use a water-soluble fertilizer mixed at half strength. You can also use an organic fertilizer such as fish emulsion or liquid seaweed. Mix and apply the fertilizer according to label recommendations.

How to Fertilize Basil

To feed in-ground basil using a dry fertilizer, sprinkle the fertilizer lightly on the soil around the plants, then scratch the granules into the soil with a spade or garden fork. Be careful not to get the dry fertilizer on the leaves; if you do, rinse it immediately to prevent burning. Water the plant deeply to prevent damage to the roots and to distribute the fertilizer evenly throughout the root zone. For containerized basil plants, simply pour the diluted, water-soluble fertilizer onto the soil at the base of the plant.

Basil is a sun-loving herb valued for its bright green foliage and distinctive flavor. Although basil is usually easy to get along with, it can develop droopy leaves that can ultimately shorten the life of the plant. Read on to learn more about why your basil is starting to wilt and what can be done about it.

Why Does Basil Wilt?

Healthy basil plants require at least eight hours of sunlight every day, well-drained soil, and enough space to allow for plenty of air circulation. If you are meeting the plant's basic needs and your basil plant keeps falling over anyway, there may be a more serious problem.

Fusarium Wilt

Basil plant droop that appears suddenly on young plants is often caused by fusarium wilt, a fungal disease that causes stunted growth and droopy, wilted, or yellow leaves. The first signs of trouble are decreased growth and leaves with a cupped appearance. Eventually, leaves may drop from the plant. Fusarium wilt is difficult to manage and can remain in the soil for 8 to 12 years. If you suspect your plant is infected with fusarium, you'll probably have to start fresh with a new plant in a completely different location. Prevention is the best solution for fusarium wilt. Purchase healthy, disease-resistant plants. If you plant basil seeds, be sure the package indicates the seeds are fusarium tested.

Root Rot

Root rot is another common reason for droopy basil plants. Rot is a water-borne disease generally caused by improper irrigation or poorly drained soil. Let the soil dry slightly between watering, but don't allow it to become bone dry. If the basil is in a pot, ensure the plant drains thoroughly after watering and never let the pot stand in water.

Leaf Spot

If your basil plant is starting to wilt and you notice brown, water-soaked spots on the leaves, it may be infected by various fungal diseases known as leaf spot. Remove affected leaves at the first sign of infection. To prevent the disease, water at the base of the plant and never use a sprinkler or spray attachment. If the disease isn't serious, a fungal spray may help.

Pests

Aphids, spider mites, and other insects can suck the sap from basil, which may cause droopy leaves. Most sap-sucking insects are easily removed by spraying the leaves with an insecticidal soap spray. Use the spray strictly according to directions. Never spray the plant when the sun is directly on the foliage, or when temperatures are above 90 degrees F. (32 degrees C.).

BASIL TEMPERATURE TOLERANCE - WHEN IS IT TOO COLD TO GROW?

It isn’t as easy to grow as some of the other herbs, mostly because basil temperature tolerance is rather like Goldilocks’ penchant for the bed that is “just right”. How cold can basil tolerate? For that matter, how does basil do under the scorching rays of the sun? I love basil and include it in my garden every season. Keep reading to learn what temperature is too cold (or hot) for basil. 

Is Basil Cold Hardy?

No, basil is not cold-hardy. Most types of basil hail from warm regions of Asia and Africa. This means that this tender herb suffers injury or death with the onset of frost. 

Basil Hardiness Zone

Basil can be grown as a perennial in  USDA zones 10-11 but for those in cooler climates, the herb can be grown from zone 4 and up. 

In my experience in zone 6b, my basil is a goner by around the first week of October. I’ve usually either harvested all that I wanted by then, moved it inside, or started new plants indoors from cuttings.

Basil Cold Tolerance

So what temperature is too cold for basil? Basil really begins to suffer when temperatures drop into the 40s, (4 C) and by the first frost, is usually on its last legs. If you can time it correctly, you can save your basil however. 

How to Care for Basil in Cold Weather

There are a few things you can do to care for your basil when colder temps are imminent. If your fall days are still warm but nighttime temperatures are dropping rapidly, you can cover your basil plants with burlap, an old sheet or blanket, but be careful not to break the delicate branches. Be sure to uncover the plant when the sun comes up and temps warm for the day. 

You can also opt to bring your basil plant inside or take cuttings while the plant is still healthy and start them as new plants indoors. If you grow your basil inside, provide it with plenty of bright light; about 10 hours of light. You will likely have to supplement any window light with artificial grow lights. 

Just be aware that your basil has a finite life cycle. It will die back eventually, even inside. But you will still get an additional couple of months of this delicious fresh herb. 

As a last resort, when frost is looming, harvest all the leaves you can and then either dry them or my personal favorite, make a big batch of pesto for the winter. It can be frozen in ice cube trays and then once frozen, stored in a sealed plastic bag ready to add to your winter soups, stews and pastas.

Frequently Asked Questions

When Should I Cover My Basil Plants?

Basil is a tender perennial in all but USDA zones 10-11 so if you reside in an area that gets frost, yes, cover your basil plants. Remember to uncover them during the day as temperatures rise over 40  (4C). Covering them will extend their growing season a little bit longer. 

Does Basil Like Hot Temperatures?

While basil is native to the warm sunny regions of Asia and Africa, it doesn’t like scorching hot temperatures. It prefers full morning sun. If you live in a warm area, try to give your basil light shade during the heat of the day. I plant it under the leaves of my squash where it gets filtered light or in a container that can be moved out of the hot sun at midday. 

Most herbs thrive in sunny Mediterranean-like conditions in well-draining soil. Certainly one of the more popular flavorful herbs is basil. Is sweet basil a perennial? It is definitely not, however, there are a few varieties that grow in their native range as short-lived perennials.

Certain varieties of basil are hardier and tend more toward a perennial life cycle, but the culinary basils we grow in our gardens and purchase at the grocery store are tender annuals. As soon as temperatures drop, the leaves do too, and the roots die.

While cooler temperatures signal the end of the growing season for garden basil plants, basil is a remarkably stoic plant and can be propagated and maintained indoors during the cold months.

Does Basil Come Back Every Year?

Will basil grow back after winter causes it to die back? The answer is no, but you can save the basil plant in several ways and the herb can be preserved for use throughout the year.

How to Harvest Basil Before Winter

Pinch off or use scissors, like these highly rated herb snipping scissors from Amazon, to remove leaves throughout the growing season. Pinching during the season will promote a lusher, fuller plant with more leaves. Flowers that bloom during the hotter days should be nipped off to promote leaf development. Provide the plants with an inch (2.5 cm) of water weekly.

Basil grown in containers will need more frequent watering to prevent it from drying out. Consider using a moisture meter, available on Amazon, to ensure adequate watering. The good news about container plants is that they are easy to move indoors at the first sign of cold weather.

Preparing Basil for Winter

By the time your garden basil leaves have begun to turn brown and fall off they should be entirely harvested. Basil leaves may be preserved in several ways for winter storage. These can be dried for later use, but some aroma and flavor will be sacrificed.

Cut off the stems and wash the leaves. Bundle the leaves with twine and hang them upside down in a warm, dry area to dry. You can get a stylish herb drying rack on Amazon.

If you want to keep the plant itself for a bit longer, dig it up and pot it in good houseplant soil. The plant will live for a while, but as the daylight hours dwindle, the leaf production will slow. Eventually the plant will die, but transplanting it can give it several more months.

Leaf cuttings can be rooted in water as well. These will produce a new plant that can extend the usefulness of the fresh leaves. Basil grows well in water, in fact you can grow this delicious herb hydroponically all winter.

Our experts recommend the AeroGarden Harvest Lite Hydroponic System and this Basil Seed Pod Kit, both from Amazon, to get started growing hydroponically. They provide the perfect conditions to grow basil during the cold winter months - hello, yummy pasta! And the best part is there's no dirt required, which means no muddy mess inside.

What To Do With Basil in Winter

A container plant brought in for winter or a newly potted up basil plant will need to do some adjusting to interior conditions. Keep the container away from drafty windows, doors and heating vents.

A southern or western facing window will give the plant plenty of light. Basil will become leggy if it doesn’t have enough light and its leaf production will slow. A minimum of 6 hours of natural light will keep the plant happy. However, under artificial lights (like these grow lights from Amazon), in order to produce leaves, the plant will need 10 to 12 hours a day during the darker winter months.

Unless you are growing the herb in a greenhouse, the hot temperatures and direct sunlight that basil thrives in are not often found in the average person’s home, so be sure to provide as much light as possible.

Even so, the plant may linger for a time, but it will succumb at some point. With this knowledge, it is best to be prepared to either purchase another plant or start your own from seed in the spring.

Culinary basil is hardy to USDA zones 10-11, but even in warm regions like these, its life is short. Any temperature below 45 degrees Fahrenheit (7.22 C) will kill the plant. The only way to save basil in winter in the cooler regions, is to containerize it and bring it into the warm interior.

In very warm locations, the plant may survive winter, but even then it will begin to slow its growth and eventually die. Feed the basil plant with organic houseplant food diluted by half.

Luckily, basil is a very easy herb to propagate from seed, and cuttings will start even more quickly.

Can Basil Survive Indoors?

Sweet basil is meant to live its life cycle within one year and thereafter go to seed. At the end of the season, though, you can try to keep it alive by moving potted basil indoors.

Bringing your garden basil plant indoors will help it live for several more months. Be sure to prune it regularly so it can produce more flavorful leaves. If the plant gets leggy, provide it with supplemental light and pinch it back so the new shoots will be more compact and bushy.

Ensure the plant’s container has plenty of drainage holes and avoid placing the pot in a saucer that collects water. Water your basil plant when the second knuckle inserted into the soil indicates dryness. In most homes with central heating, plants need to be watered weekly.

Preserving Basil for Later Use

If you want to use the harvest when it's fresh, pesto is an option and an excellent way to preserve the leaves. Pesto may be canned or frozen for later use.

Basil is best used fresh, but it is also pungent when dried. Using a dehydrator, like this option from Amazon, or simply preserving the foliage by air drying in a warm, dry, well-ventilated room for a week or so is a great way to extend the life of this herb.

Once the herb has dried, remove the leaves from the stems and store the leaves either whole or ground in an airtight container away from heat and bright light. Stored in this manner, dried basil will keep for one year.

A better method for storing and utilizing fresh basil leaves is by freezing the herb. Some experts say that you can keep frozen basil from turning dark by first blanching the dry leaves, then plunging them into cold water before freezing.

While we don’t guarantee it will stay green, freezing your basil results in a flavor more akin to fresh. You can freeze entire leaves in small batches in small plastic bags or chop them and place them in an ice cube tray with a bit of water. Or, mix the chopped basil with a bit of olive oil and then freeze in ice cube trays.

Once frozen, remove the cubes of basil and store in airtight containers in the freezer for future use. You can also make some fabulous pesto sauce and freeze it in batches. Frozen basil will last the same as dried, about one year.