Invasive Autumn Olive Identification And Elimination

Invasive plants, whether native or introduced, can quickly spread throughout lawns and other growing spaces to completely overtake the area. This often results in the loss of other plant species, due to their inability to compete for light and/or nutrients. One plant, Elaeagnus umbellata, or Autumn Olive, is specifically known for its invasive growth habit. Learning to properly identify autumn olive berries can help landscapers begin to control the plant early, should it appear in their own green space. 

What Is Elaeagnus umbellata Autumn Olive?

Commonly known as autumn olive, Elaeagnus umbellata is a tall deciduous shrub that is hardy to USDA growing zones 4-9. In late spring, these bushes produce masses of fragrant white-yellow blooms. Originally introduced to the United States as an ornamental plant and for use in erosion control, singular autumn olive plants are able to produce over 200,000 viable seeds each growing season. Through dispersal of this seed, as well as the production of root suckers and quick establishment, autumn olive plants grow to quickly overtake established flower beds and other native plant life. 

How to Get Rid of Autumn Olive

The first step in getting rid of autumn olive is being able to correctly identify the plant. Autumn olive leaves, with a silver-like coloration, grow to form very dense shrubs. After they bloom, the plants quickly set hundreds to thousands of berry-like seed pods. In fall, autumn olive berries turn a vibrant red color, which is especially attractive to foraging wildlife. 

Those wishing to get rid of autumn olive will need to focus their attention on killing the root system of the plant in order to fully remove it. Though these plants can be cut above the ground, they are likely to regrow quickly. Still, the young plants can be pulled out by hand quite effectively. More established Elaeagnus umbellata may need additional attention to be fully removed. 

Some farmers have had success controlling autumn olive plants through the use of foraging livestock animals. Those who choose this method first need to make certain that the plant is safe for the specific animal’s consumption. Then they need to consistently monitor the plants’ progress within the pasture. 

One last option involves the use of systemic herbicides. Most experts suggest that these applications be made late in the growing season, and may require several treatments. As always, the use of any chemical should be done carefully and in full accordance with the manufacturer’s label instructions for safe use. 

Note: Any recommendations pertaining to the use of chemicals are for informational purposes only. Chemical control should only be used as a last resort, as organic approaches are safer and more environmentally friendly.